Table 1.
Demographic and Medical Characteristics of the Sample (N = 120)
| Participant Characteristic | n (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age, yrs (mean [SD]; range) | 56.0 (8.7) | 27.0−76.0 |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 73 (60.8) | – |
| Female | 47 (39.2) | − |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||
| White | 91 (75.8) | – |
| Black | 12 (10.0) | – |
| Hispanic | 11 (9.2) | – |
| American Indian/Alaskan Native | 1 (0.8) | – |
| Other | 3 (2.5) | – |
| Marital status | ||
| Married or cohabiting | 61 (50.8) | – |
| Separated | 4 (3.3) | – |
| Divorced | 29 (24.2) | – |
| Widowed | 5 (4.2) | – |
| Single | 19 (15.8) | – |
| Occupational status | ||
| Full-time | 20 (16.7) | – |
| Part-time | 5 (4.2) | – |
| Unemployed | 34 (28.3) | – |
| Disability | 59 (49.2) | – |
| Incomea | ||
| <5000 | 6 (5.0) | |
| 5000–19,999 | 26 (21.7) | |
| 20,000–34,999 | 19 (15.8) | |
| 35,000–49,999 | 12 (10.0) | |
| 50,000–64,999 | 8 (6.7) | |
| 65,000–89,999 | 10 (8.3) | |
| 90,000–119,999 | 13 (10.8) | |
| 120,000 or more | 5 (4.2) | |
| Liver disease etiologyb | ||
| HCV | 62 (51.7) | – |
| ALD | 18 (15.0) | – |
| HCC alone | 2 (1.7) | – |
| NASH | 11 (9.2) | – |
| Otherc | 26 (21.7) | – |
| HCC status | ||
| Yes | 30 (25.0) | – |
| No | 89 (74.2) | |
| Disease severity | ||
| MELD | 12.50 (4.5) | 6.0–26.0 |
| Karnofsky | 85.0 (9.0) | 40.0–100.0 |
| Current psychiatric diagnosis (n = 39)d | ||
| Anxiety disorder | 5 (12.8) | – |
| Depressive disorder | 10 (25.6) | – |
| Adjustment disorder | 6 (15.4) | – |
| Binge eating disorder | 1 (2.6) | – |
| No diagnosis | 19 (48.7) | – |
| Not assessed/incomplete | 81 | – |
| Past psychiatric diagnosis | ||
| Alcohol use disorder | 20 (51.3) | – |
| Cocaine dependence | 2 (5.1) | – |
| Depressive disorder | 7 (17.9) | – |
| Heroin dependence | 2 (5.1) | – |
| Marijuana abuse | 2 (5.1) | – |
| Opioid dependence | 2 (5.1) | – |
| Panic disorder | 1 (2.6) | – |
| Polysubstance dependence | 5 (5.1) | – |
| No diagnosis | 7 (17.9) | – |
| Not assessed/incomplete | 81 | – |
HCV = hepatitis C virus; ALD = alcoholic liver disease; HCC = hepatocellular carcinoma; NASH = nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; MELD = Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; SCID = Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders.
Income in U.S. dollars.
These data were collected between 2008 and 2011; subsequently there has been a national decline in the number of waitlisted patients with HCV because of the introduction of antiviral agents in late 2014.4
Other diagnoses include genetic, metabolic, autoimmune, and unknown etiologies of liver disease.
The SCID was removed from the study protocol because of time and resource limitations. Two patients met criteria for two current DSM-IV diagnoses.