Table 3.
Multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional‐hazards regression model for overall and recurrence‐free survival
| Variables | Overall survival | Recurrence‐free survival | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | |
| Gender | 0.844 | –– | ||
| Male | 1 | –– | ||
| Female | 1.085 (0.481–2.450) | –– | ||
| Smoking history | 0.412 | –– | ||
| No | 1 | –– | ||
| Yes | 1.406 (0.623–3.175) | –– | ||
| Tumor diameter | 0.201 | 0.010 | ||
| ≤ 3 | 1 | 1 | ||
| > 3 | 1.385 (0.841–2.281) | 1.840 (1.154–2.933) | ||
| Lymph node metastasis | < 0.001 | 0.021 | ||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.549 (0.919–2.612) | 1.756 (1.090–2.828) | ||
| Histological subtypes | 0.038 | 0.709 | ||
| Lepidic | 1 | 1 | ||
| Acinar | 1.565 (0.524–4.671) | 1.237 (0.467–3.277) | ||
| Papillary | 1.063 (0.366–3.089) | 1.154 (0.450–2.961) | ||
| Solid | 2.055 (0.654–6.455) | 1.380 (0.470–4.050) | ||
| Micropapillary | 3.578 (0.974–13.139) | 2.231 (0.614–5.101) | ||
| α‐SMA‐positive CAFs | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| Low | 1 | 1 | ||
| High | 4.782 (2.781–8.226) | 5.561 (3.364–9.195) | ||
| CD204‐positive TAMs | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| Low | 1 | 1 | ||
| High | 4.633 (2.668–8.044) | 2.236 (1.458–3.427) | ||
| STAS | < 0.001 | 0.019 | ||
| Negative | 1 | 1 | ||
| Positive | 3.390 (1.925–5.968) | 1.759 (1.096–2.824) | ||
Significant P value shown in bold.
CAFs, cancer‐associated fibroblasts; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; STAS, spread through air spaces; TAMs, tumor‐associated macrophages.