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. 2018 Dec 13;13(2):202–211. doi: 10.1002/1878-0261.12397

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© 2018 The Authors. Published by FEBS Press and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The BCGsn and TLR4 are key for BCG‐induced Ca²⁺ signaling. Assessment of Ca²⁺ signaling in mouse MB49 cells exposed to BCG preparations BCGsn (A), BCG pellet (B), fBCGsn (C), bBCGsn (D), ppBCGsn (E), or various weight fractions (F). (G) The BCG preparations that triggers Ca²⁺ signaling also stimulate IL‐8 secretion. (H) BCG at dilutions of 1/16, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, and 1/1 activate IL‐8 in a dose‐dependent manner. TLR4 knockdown with shRNA (shTLR4) abolishes BCG‐induced IL‐8 transcription (I) but not IL‐8 secretion (J), compared to scramble shRNA controls (shControl). Results are means ± SEM of measurements from at least three separate cell cultures. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (Student's t‐test).