Table 1.

Constituent compounds in A. africana extract and associated activities that enhance wound healing.

S/No	Class of compound	Phytochemical compounds	Compound structure	Activities that enhances wound healing	Reference
a	Monoterpenes	carene		(i) Anti-inflammatory (ii) Antimicrobial	[19–26]
b	Phytocannabinoids	Caryophyllene		(i) Antimicrobial (ii) Anti-inflammatory	[19, 27–35]
c	Sesquiterpenes	Germacrene D		(i) Anti-inflammatory (ii) Anti-microbial and (iii) Anti-oxidant	[36–44]
d	Terpene	α-pinene		(i) Anti-microbial (ii) Anti-inflammatory (iii) Increases basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF) (iv) Increases platelet derived growth factor	[45–53]
e	Acyclic diterpene alcohol	Phytol		(i) Induces oxidative stress on microbial organisms (ii) Reduces interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α levels	[4, 20, 54–60]
f	Fatty acid	Linolenic acid		(i) Anti-microbial (ii) Down regulate inflammatory inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).	[20, 61–63]