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. 2019 Jan 21;2019:4378710. doi: 10.1155/2019/4378710

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Curcumin activated autophagy during neural differentiation of NTERA2 cells. (a) The mRNA expression levels of autophagy-related genes, LC3, LAMP1, ATG5, and ATG12, were quantified by RT-PCR. (b) The relative expression of LC3 was assessed by using GAPDH as the internal control. The values were expressed present as mean ± SD, n=3 (∗P < 0.05 versus control). Scale bar = 100 μm. (c) Immunofluorescence of LC3 protein was performed in NTERA2 cells treated with either 10 μM retinoic acid, 1μM curcumin, or 5μM curcumin for 14 days. (d) The relative fluorescence intensity of LC3 protein in differentiated NTERA2 cells was normalized with the undifferentiated control cells. The values were presented as mean ± SD, n=3 (∗P < 0.05 versus control). (e) MDC assays presented the level of autophagy activity of the differentiated cells at day 14, compared with the undifferentiated control cells.