Table 3.
Assessment of high risks associated with super HEV infection among 202 acute sporadic HEV inpatients from east-coast area, Zhejiang, China, 2004–2017
| Valuable | Single HEV infection (n = 141) | Super HEV infection (n = 61) | OR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age range (years) | 23–83 | 26–82 | / | |
| Mean age ± SD (years) | 52.42 ± 13.19 | 48.64 ± 12.84 | / | 0.06d |
| Sex ratio (male/female) | 3.55 (110/31) | 4.55 (50/11) | 0.781 (0.363–1.677) | 0.53a |
| Smoker (%, n) | 30.50% (43/141) | 31.15 (19/61) | 1.031 (0.538–1.974) | 0.93a |
| Alcohol user (%, n) | 38.30% (54/141) | 39.34% (24/61) | 1.045 (0.565–1.934) | 0.89a |
| History of blood transfusion (%, n) | 3.55% (5/141) | 6.56% (4/61) | 1.909 (0.495–7.368) | 0.46b |
| Hepatoxic medication (%, n) | 4.26% (6/141) | 31.15% (19/61) | 10.179 (3.816–27.147) | < 0.001a |
| Chronic liver diseases (%, n) | 19.15% (27/141) | 40.98% (25/61) | 2.932 (1.515–5.767) | < 0.001a |
| Liver cirrhosis | 2.13% (3/141) | 18.03% (11/61) | 10.120 (2.712–37.768) | < 0.001b |
| Fatty liver disease | 5.67% (8/141) | 6.56% (4/61) | 1.167 (0.338–4.030) | 0.76b |
| Alcoholic liver disease | 12.06% (17/141) | 19.67% (12/61) | 1.786 (0.795–4.014) | 0.16a |
| Hepatic carcinoma | 0.71% (1/141) | 4.92% (3/61) | 7.241 (0.738–72.064) | 0.08b |
| Drug-induced hepatitis | 1.42% (2/141) | 0% (0/61) | / | 1.00b |
| Chronic nonliver comorbidities (%, n) | / | 0.87c | ||
| No comorbidities | 56.74% (80/141) | 62.30% (38/61) | / | |
| 1 comorbidity | 26.24% (37/141) | 22.95% (14/61) | / | |
| 2 comorbidities | 11.35% (16/141) | 8.20% (5/61) | / | |
| ≥ 3 comorbidities | 5.67% (8/141) | 6.56% (4/61) | / | |
| Disease progression | ||||
| Median days from onset to consultation | 6 (0–39) | 5 (0–24) | / | 0.06c |
| Median days from onset to admission | 7 (2–40) | 7 (1–49) | / | 0.51c |
| Median days from onset to confirmation | 11 (4–45) | 11 (4–54) | / | 0.83c |
| Median days from onset to deterioration | 9 (0–32) | 7 (0–35) | / | 0.56c |
| Median days from onset to discharge | 29 (9–111) | 33 (10–73) | / | 0.11c |
| Days hospitalized | 21 (5–108) | 24 (6–64) | / | 0.15c |
Notes: SD standard deviation; a = Chi-square test; b = Fisher test; c = Non-parametric test; and d = T test in P value column; “/” denotes not available