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. 2019 Jan 31;2019(1):CD012424. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012424.pub2

Comparison 3. Exercise versus control (number of people with fractures).

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1 Number of people who experienced one or more fall‐related fractures‐ overall analysis 10 4047 Risk Ratio (Random, 95% CI) 0.73 [0.56, 0.95]
2 Number of people who experienced one or more fall‐related fractures ‐ subgrouped by baseline falls risk 10   Risk Ratio (Random, 95% CI) Subtotals only
2.1 Not selected for high risk of falling 5 1255 Risk Ratio (Random, 95% CI) 0.48 [0.26, 0.91]
2.2 Selected for high risk of falling 5 2792 Risk Ratio (Random, 95% CI) 0.80 [0.60, 1.07]
3 Number of people who experienced one or more fall‐related fractures ‐ subgrouped by age (threshold 75 years) 10   Risk Ratio (Random, 95% CI) Subtotals only
3.1 Age < 75 7 1307 Risk Ratio (Random, 95% CI) 0.53 [0.29, 0.96]
3.2 Age 75+ 3 2740 Risk Ratio (Random, 95% CI) 0.61 [0.31, 1.20]
4 Number of people who experienced one or more fall‐related fractures ‐ subgrouped by exercise type 10   Risk Ratio (Random, 95% CI) Subtotals only
4.1 Balance and functional exercises vs control 7 2139 Risk Ratio (Random, 95% CI) 0.44 [0.25, 0.76]
4.2 Resistance exercise vs control 1 73 Risk Ratio (Random, 95% CI) 0.97 [0.14, 6.49]
4.3 Walking programme vs control 1 97 Risk Ratio (Random, 95% CI) 0.66 [0.11, 3.76]
4.4 Multiple categories of exercise vs control 3 1810 Risk Ratio (Random, 95% CI) 0.85 [0.62, 1.16]
5 Number of people who experienced one or more fall‐related fractures ‐ long‐term follow‐up by exercise type 3 2351 Risk Ratio (Fixed, 95% CI) 0.93 [0.69, 1.25]
5.1 Balance and functional exercises vs control 1 619 Risk Ratio (Fixed, 95% CI) 1.80 [0.46, 7.11]
5.2 Walking programme vs control 1 97 Risk Ratio (Fixed, 95% CI) 1.46 [0.44, 4.83]
5.3 Multiple categories of exercise vs control 1 1635 Risk Ratio (Fixed, 95% CI) 0.87 [0.64, 1.19]