Comparison	Study IDs
Exercise (all types) versus control	Almeida 2013*; Ansai 2015*; Arantes 2015; Arkkukangas 2015; Barnett 2003; Beyer 2007; Boongrid 2017; Brown 2002; Buchner 1997; Bunout 2005; Campbell 1997; Carter 2002; Cerny 1998; Clegg 2014; Clemson 2010; Clemson 2012*; Cornillon 2002; Dadgari 2016; Dangour 2011; Day 2002; Day 2015; Duque 2013; Ebrahim 1997; El‐Khoury 2015; Fiatarone 1997; Gill 2016; Grahn Kronhed 2009; Gschwind 2015; Halvarsson 2013; Halvarsson 2016*; Hamrick 2017; Hauer 2001; Hirase 2015*; Huang 2010; Iliffe 2015*; Irez 2011; Iwamoto 2009; Kamide 2009; Karinkanta 2007*; Kerse 2010; Kim 2014; Korpelainen 2006; Kovacs 2013; Lehtola 2000; Li 2005; Lin 2007; Liu‐Ambrose 2004*; Liu‐Ambrose 2008; Logghe 2009; Lord 1995; Lord 2003; Luukinen 2007; Madureira 2007; McMurdo 1997; Means 2005; Merom 2016; Miko 2017; Morgan 2004; Ng 2015; Nitz 2004; Park 2008; Reinsch 1992; Resnick 2002; Robertson 2001a; Rubenstein 2000; Sakamoto 2013; Sales 2017; Siegrist 2016; Skelton 2005; Smulders 2010; Suzuki 2004; Taylor 2012; Trombetti 2011; Uusi‐Rasi 2015; Voukelatos 2007; Voukelatos 2015; Weerdesteyn 2006; Wolf 1996*; Wolf 2003; Woo 2007*; Yang 2012
Balance and functional exercises versus control	Almeida 2013*; Arantes 2015; Arkkukangas 2015; Barnett 2003; Boongrid 2017; Campbell 1997; Clegg 2014; Clemson 2010; Clemson 2012*; Cornillon 2002; Dadgari 2016; Dangour 2011; Day 2002; Duque 2013; El‐Khoury 2015; Gschwind 2015; Halvarsson 2013; Halvarsson 2016*; Hamrick 2017; Hirase 2015*; Iliffe 2015*; Iwamoto 2009; Karinkanta 2007*; Kerse 2010; Korpelainen 2006; Kovacs 2013; Lin 2007; Liu‐Ambrose 2004*; Liu‐Ambrose 2008; Lord 1995; Lord 2003; Luukinen 2007; Madureira 2007; McMurdo 1997; Miko 2017; Morgan 2004; Nitz 2004; Reinsch 1992; Robertson 2001a; Sakamoto 2013; Sales 2017; Siegrist 2016; Skelton 2005; Smulders 2010; Trombetti 2011; Weerdesteyn 2006; Wolf 1996*; Yang 2012
Resistance exercises versus control	Ansai 2015*; Carter 2002; Fiatarone 1997; Grahn Kronhed 2009; Karinkanta 2007*; Liu‐Ambrose 2004*; Woo 2007*
Flexibility versus control	‐
3D exercise (Tai Chi) versus control	Day 2015; Huang 2010; Li 2005; Logghe 2009; Taylor 2012; Voukelatos 2007; Wolf 1996*; Wolf 2003; Woo 2007*
3D exercise (dance) versus control	Merom 2016
General physical activity (walking programme) versus control	Ebrahim 1997; Resnick 2002; Voukelatos 2015
Endurance training versus control	‐
Other kinds of exercise versus control	‐
Multiple categories of exercise versus control	Ansai 2015*; Beyer 2007; Brown 2002; Buchner 1997; Bunout 2005; Cerny 1998; Clemson 2012*; Gill 2016; Halvarsson 2016*; Hauer 2001; Irez 2011; Kamide 2009; Karinkanta 2007*; Kim 2014; Lehtola 2000; Means 2005; Ng 2015; Park 2008; Rubenstein 2000; Suzuki 2004; Uusi‐Rasi 2015