Study ID	Outcome measure	Outcome format	Intervention group quality of life	Intervention group number in analysis	Control group quality of life	Control group number in analysis	Data included in analysis
Boongrid 2017	Thai EQ‐5D	Mean (SD) Baseline 6 month	7.37 (?) 7.7 (?)	219	7.35 (?) 7.4 (?)	220	None
Carter 2002	Osteoporosis‐specific health‐related quality of life	Mean (95% CI) change 5 month‐ baseline (adjusted)	‐0.31 (−2.98 to 2.37)	40	−0.48 (−3.00 to 2.37)	40	None
Clegg 2014	EQ‐5D	Mean (SD) Baseline 3 month	0.53 (0.30) 0.51 (0.34)	40	0.52 (0.25) 0.46 (0.26)	30	EQ‐5D
Clemson 2010	SF‐36 ‐ physical SF‐36 ‐ mental	Median (IQR) change 0 to 6 months	0.6 (−5.0 to 10.1) −1.1 (−8.4 to 0)	17	2.3 (−5/3 to 6.3) −2.9 (−10.9 to 5.7)	14	None
Clemson 2012 (LIFE)	EQ‐5D	Mean (SD) Baseline 6 month 12 month	7.1 (1.4) 6.6 (1.3) 6.7 (1.5)	99	7.0 (1.4) 7.2 (1.6) 6.7 (1.3)	91	EQ‐5D 12 months
Clemson 2012 (Structured)	EQ‐5D	Mean (SD) Baseline 6 month 12 month	6.9 (1.5) 6.9 (1.5) 6.7 (1.6)	96	7.0 (1.4) 7.2 (1.6) 6.7 (1.3)	91	EQ‐5D 12 months
Dangour 2011	SF‐36 ‐ physical SF‐36 ‐ mental	Mean (SD) Baseline 24 month Baseline 24 month	51.2 (6.7) 51.1 (14.3) 49.3 (9.1) 49.2 (6.3)	325	49.8 (6.3) 50.6 (8.9) 49.4 (7.9) 48.3 (6.3)	294	SF‐36 physical 24 months
Grahn Kronhed 2009	SF‐36 ‐ physical SF‐36 ‐ mental QUALEFFO‐41	Mean (SD) Baseline 12 month Baseline 12 month mean (SD) change	44.8 (9.3) 46.9 (8.8) 49.2 (9.7) 53.0 (8.0) ‐0.7 (5.0)	31	36.7 (10.8) 35.7 (9.4) 48.9 (10.3) 47.6 (11.0) −0.2 (5.5)	34	SF‐36 physical 12 months
Gschwind 2015	EQ‐ 5D utility score EQ‐5D VAS	Mean (SD) Baseline 6 month Baseline 6 month	0.86 (0.11) 0.86 (0.15) 79.2 (14.7) 80.9 (13.7)	71	0.86 (0.13) 0.87 (0.13) 81.7 (12.7) 79.9 (14.6)	65	EQ‐ 5D utility score 6 months
Haines 2009	EQ‐5D utility score EQ‐5D VAS	Mean (SD) Baseline 6 month Baseline 6 month	0.58 (0.32) 0.48 (0.35) 66.7 (14.3) 58.9 (21.4)	19	0.65 (0.25) 0.52 (0.36) 67.5 (18.9) 58.1 (25.0)	31	EQ‐5D utility 6 months
Iliffe 2015 FAME	EQ‐5D SF‐12 physical SF‐12 mental OPQOL	Mean (SD) Baseline 12 month Baseline 12 month Baseline 12 month Baseline 12 month	0.67 (0.09) 0.67 (0.07) 38.7 (5.6) 38.9 (4.9) 49.6 (6.0) 48.7 (5.8) 129.4 (13.5) 132.3 (16.0)	179	0.68 (0.08) 0.68 (0.07) 38.7 (5.5) 39.1 (5.0) 49.9 (6.1) 49.2 (5.6) 130.8 (13.5) 134.8 (14.8)	212	EQ‐5D 12 months
Iliffe 2015 OEP	EQ‐5D SF‐12 physical SF‐12 mental OPQOL	Mean (SD) Baseline 12 month Baseline 12 month Baseline 12 month Baseline 12 month	0.68 (0.09) 0.68 (0.07) 38.8 (5.6) 39.3(4.7) 50.2 (5.9) 49.05 (5.1) 129.4 (12.7) 133.7 (15.0)	176	0.68 (0.08) 0.68 (0.07) 38.7 (5.5) 39.1 (5.0) 49.9 (6.1) 49.2 (5.6) 130.8 (13.5) 134.8 (14.8)	212	EQ‐5D 12 months
Kerse 2010	SF‐36 physical SF‐36 mental	Mean (SD) Baseline 6 month 12 month Baseline 6 month 12 month	39.0 (1.2) 39.5 (1.2) 38.3 (1.2) 51.2 (0.9) 54.7 (0.7) 55.4 (0.7)	94	39.3 (1.1) 37.9 (1.3) 39.4 (1.2) 48.7 (1.0) 53.7 (0.9) 52.7 (0.0)	87	SF‐36 physical 12 months
Kyrdalen 2014 (group versus home OEP)	SF‐36 physical SF‐36 mental	Mean (95%CI) Baseline 3 month 6 month Baseline 3 month 6 month	178.2 (158.6 to 197.7) 232.9 (211.0 to 254.8) 218.0 (194.5 to 241.1) 237.3 (217.2 to 257.3) 286.4 (263.6 to 309.2) 269.1 (244.4 to 293.9)	47	192.3 (172.4 to 212.2) 202.1 (179.6 to 224.6) 212.2 (188.4 to 234.1) 254.3 (233.9 to 274.7) 276.0 (252.4 to 299.5) 289.2 (265.2 to 313.2)	47	SF‐36 physical 6 months
Latham 2003	SF‐36 physical	Mean (95%CI) 3 month 6 month	34 (32 to 36) 35 (33 to 37)	112	35 (33 to 37) 37 (35 to 39)	110	SF‐36 physical 6 months
Lin 2007	WHOQOL‐BREF Physical Psychological Social Environmental	Mean (SD) Baseline 6 month 8 month Baseline 6 month 8 month Baseline 6 month 8 month Baseline 6 month 8 month	51.0 (17.9) 59.0 (12.5) 62.8 (9.9) 55.2 (13.6) 62.9 (13.2) 64.4 (12.6) 69.9 (11.4) 71.9 (10.0) 75.4 (9.4) 64.1 (12.5) 70.2 (9.4) 74.9 (6.8)	39	48.9 (17.3) 52.6 (13.8) 55.5 (15.3) 55.7 (16.0) 53.8 (17.0) 56.3 (17.6) 68.8 (10.6) 63.8 (14.8) 66.3 (13.3) 62.5 (9.8) 62.1 (14.4) 65.1 (14.3)	40	WHOQOL‐BREF physical 8 months
Merom 2016	SF‐12 Physical Mental	Mean (SD) Baseline 12 month Baseline 12 month	43.2 (8.6) 41.8 (10.3) 53.0 (8.1) 52.7 (8.7)	274	44.6 (8.7) 42.6 (9.9) 51.9 (7.4) 51.8 (8.2)	247	SF‐12 Physical 12 months
Resnick 2002	SF‐12 Physical Mental	Mean (SD) Baseline 2 month 6 month Baseline 2 month 6 month	31.1 (5.8) 33.7 (4.7) 33.4 (4.8) 48.3 (3.0) 48.4 (2.6) 47.0 (5.2)	10	32.7 (6.7) 32.2 (7.3) 31.2 (4.9) 46.9 (3.0) 47.1 (3.4) 46.8 (3.2)	7	SF‐12 Physical 6 months
Rubenstein 2000	SF‐36 Physical functioning Physcial role limits Health perceptions Health question	Mean (SD) Baseline 3 month Baseline 3 month Baseline 3 month Baseline 3 month	59.6 (24.8) 65.0 (17.4) 66.9 (36.7) 75.0 (34.0) 60.0 (19.1) 64.3 (18.2) 51.8 (26.3) 67.9 (21.4)	28	62.2 (21.0) 60.6 (20.3) 53.7 (38.4) 57.4 (35.2) 58.9 (19.5) 61.1 (19.9) 50.9 (20.2) 46.3 (22.7)	27	SF‐36 Physical functioning 3 months
Sales 2017	SF‐12 Physical Mental	Mean (SD) Baseline 12 month Baseline 12 month	46.9 (7.6) 49.6 (8.3) 53.1 (9.8) 54.5 (7.0)	27	49.1 (7.9) 48.9 (7.6) 51.4 (6.1) 51.6 (7.9)	21	SF‐12 Physical, 12 months
Sherrington 2014	EQ‐5D utility SF‐12 Physical Mental	Mean (SD) Baseline 12 month Baseline 12 month Baseline 12 month	0.63 (0.23) 0.66 (0.27) 37.44 (8.9) 40.37 (8.29) 54.71 (6.5) 55.87 (5.02)	157	0.62 (0.23) 0.60 (0.33) 38.17 (8.36) 39.27 (9.26) 54.70 (6.79) 55.19 (7.09)	155	EQ‐5D utility 12 months
Smulders 2010	QUALEFFO‐41	Mean (SD) Baseline 6 weeks 12 month	25.2 (10.0) 25.4 (10.9) 26.2 (10.6)	47	28.7 (10.9) 26.3 (10.6) 27.3 (11.0)	45	QUALEFFO‐41 12 months
Steadman 2003 (balance vs physio)	Euroqol VAS	Mean (SD) Baseline 6 weeks 3 month 6 month	57.8 (19.7) 65.1 (19.6) 65.1 (17.7) 64.4 (19.9)	69	59.4 (17.2) 64.9 (17.3) 65.7 (16.9) 64.5 (17.4)	64	Euroqol VAS 6 months
Verrusio 2017 (HBP v physio)	SF‐36 Physical Mental	Mean (SD) Baseline 3 month Baseline 3 month	52.1 (6.0) 52.2 (5.4)	73	52.7 (7.1) 53.1 (5.3)	74	None (too hard to read follow‐up data from figure)
Voukelatos 2015	Australian QoVL	Mean (95% CI) Baseline 12 month	0.81 (0.79 to 0.83) 0.84 (0.82 to 0.86)	144	0.81 (0.79 to 0.83) 0.83 (0.81 to 0.85)	169	AQoL 12 months
Wu 2010 Telecommunication‐based Tai Chi vs group Tai Chi	SF‐36 Physical Mental	Mean change (SD)	7.3 (16,3) 2.9 (18.1)	22	9.0 (15.8) 6.2 (11.9)	20	None
Wu 2010 home‐based Tai Chi vs group Tai Chi	SF‐36 Physical Mental	Mean change (SD)	6.7 (14.7) ‐0.2 (8.0)	22	9.0 (15.8) 6.2 (11.9)	20	None
Yang 2012	Assessment of quality of life	Mean (SD) Baseline 6 months	24.8 (4.8) 23.4 (4.1)	59	25.0 (4.5) 24.6 (5.2)	62	QoL, 6 months