Woo 2007.

Methods	Study design: RCT Number of study arms: 3 Length of follow‐up: 12 months
Participants	Setting: Hong Kong, China Number of participants: 180 Number analysed: 176 Number lost to follow‐up: 4 Sample: recruited by notices posted in 4 community centres in Shatin township Age (years): mean 69 (SD 2.6), range 65 ‐ 74 Sex: 50% female Inclusion criteria: able to walk > 8 m without assistance Exclusion criteria: neurological disease which impaired mobility; shortness of breath or angina on walking up 1 flight of stairs; dementia; already performing Tai Chi or resistance training exercise
Interventions	1. Group‐based Tai Chi: Yang style Tai Chi, 3 a week for 52 weeks 2. Group‐based resistance training: used a medium‐strength Theraband for arm and leg exercises, 3 a week for 52 weeks 3. Control: no exercise prescribed
Outcomes	1. Number of people who experienced 1 or more falls (risk of falling)
Duration of the study	52 weeks
Adherence	Adherence measured by attendance rate 1. Group‐based Tai Chi group: mean attendance rate 81% with no attrition between 6 and 12 months 2. Group‐based resistance group: mean attendance rate 76% with no attrition between 6 and 12 months
Notes	Source of funding: Council of Hong Kong Economic information: not reported
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Quote: "Computer generated blocked randomisation"
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Participants and personnel implementing the intervention not blind to allocated group, but impact of non‐blinding unclear
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) Falls	High risk	Assessors not blinded to group allocation Quote: "Falls were ascertained by diary and reported to the staff running the interventions" (personal communication reported in Gillespie 2012).
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) Fractures	Unclear risk	Not applicable
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) Hospital admission, medical attention and adverse events	Unclear risk	Not applicable
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) Health related quality of life (self report)	Unclear risk	Not applicable
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) Falls and fallers	High risk	More than 20% of fall data were missing (33%)
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	High risk	Falls were measured, but number of falls not reported. Adverse events not reported
Method of ascertaining falls (recall bias)	High risk	Quote: "Falls were ascertained by diary and reported to the staff running the interventions." (personal communication) but this could not apply to the control group (personal communication reported in Gillespie 2012)