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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Feb 4.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2012 Oct 17;11(1):10–19. doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2012.09.002

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Induction of the Caspase Cascade and Initiation of Apoptosis via the Extrinsic and Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathways. The Extrinsic Pathway of the Caspase Cascade is Mediated Independently of the Mitochondria. It is Activated by Death Receptors, Fas and Tumor-Necrosis Factor-Related Ligand (TRAIL), Which Initiate Caspase-8 in a Death-Signaling Complex. This Complex Subsequently Activates the Effector Caspase Cascade. In the Intrinsic Pathway, Apoptotic Stimuli Trigger the Release of Cytochrome c (cyt c), which Forms a Complex with Caspase 9 and Apoptosis Protease-Activating Factor (Apaf-1). This Apoptotic Complex goes on to Activate the Effector Caspase Cascade. The Signals to Release cyt c from the Mitochondria is Suppressed by the Anti-Apoptotic Bcl-2 Homology 1 to 4 (BH1 −4) Proteins and Incited by the Proapoptotic BH1 −3 Proteins