Fig. 5.

Evaluation of the allele frequency dynamics of limited release strategies. Release of strains carrying an IGD effector component only (upper row) or of a limited-drive strain combining a non-driving Cas9 locus with an effector (middle row) permit field testing of components in the absence of gene drive with the resulting changes in the target population dependent on the release size practically achievable. Release of the fully driving strain results in replacement of the wild-type population, even when released at low frequencies (lower row).