Table 2.
Present status of the synthetic radioprotector/radiosensitizer compounds under clinical development
| Name | Use | Current status |
|---|---|---|
| 5-Nitroimidazole (nimorazole) | Radiosensitizers [33] | Under phase III trials |
| Tirapazamine (SR-4233) | Radiosensitizers [34] | Under phase III trials |
| Tempol (superoxide dismutase mimetic agent) | Prevent radiation-induced hair-loss [34] | Under phase II trials (Mitos Pharma, Newport Beach, CA, USA) |
| Calcipotriol (synthetic derivative of calcitriol) | Prevents radiation induced skin damage [35] | Under phase II trials |
| BIO 300 (inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinase) | Acute radiation syndrome [36] | Under phase I trials (Humanetics Corp., Edina, MN, USA) |
| Ex-Rad 4-carboxystyryl-4-chlorobenzylsulfone | Acute radiation syndrome [37] | Under phase I trials (Onconova Therapeutics Inc., Newtown, PA, USA) |
| CBLB502 (protectans; toll-like receptor 5 agonist) | Acute radiation syndrome [38] | Under phase I trials (Cleveland BioLabs Inc., Buffalo, NY, USA) |
| 5-Androstenediol (Neumune) | Acute radiation syndrome [39] | Under development (Hollis-Eden Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, USA) |
| EUK-189 (superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetic agent) | Acute radiation syndrome [40] | Phase I trials (Evaluate Pharma, London, UK) |
| JP4-039 (mitochondria-targeted GS-nitroxide) | Acute radiation syndrome [41] | Under preclinical development |
| SB-415286 (GSK-3 inhibitor) | Prevents radiation induced intestine damage [42] | Under preclinical development |