Table 5.

Multivariate Cox regression analyses for AVR in the total population and for the development of spontaneous or revealed symptoms on serial testing in patients who were asymptomatic on the baseline study

	Total study population (n=306) AVR		Asymptomatic on ETT (n=219) Revealed symptoms
	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value
Rapid early rise in heart rate	2.15 (1.44 to 3.22)	<0.001	2.14 (1.07 to 4.27)	0.03
Age, year	1.02 (1.00 to 1.03)	0.025	1.05 (1.02 to 1.08)	<0.001
Male sex	1.82 (1.22 to 2.73)	0.004	1.16 (0.66 to 2.01)	0.611
Hypertension	0.83 (0.56 to 1.24)	0.368	0.94 (0.47 to 1.91)	0.871
Doppler stroke volume, mL	1.00 (0.99 to 1.01)	0.354	1.00 (0.99 to 1.02)	0.570
Mean pressure gradient, mm Hg	1.05 (1.03 to 1.06)	<0.001	1.02 (0.99 to 1.02)	0.063
Abnormal blood pressure response	1.24 (0.86 to 1.80)	0.253	1.87 (0.93 to 3.79)	0.081
Coronary artery disease	0.99 (0.68 to 1.47)	0.993	0.88 (0.42 to 1.84)	0.940

AVR, aortic valve replacement; ETT, excercise treadmill test.