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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019 Dec;12(1):e007495. doi: 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.117.007495

Table 2:

Univariate Associations of RA Participant Characteristics with Myocardial Flow Reserve (MFR) and Left Ventricular Mass Index (LVMI)

Characteristics MFR LVMI
β p β p
Myocardial Blood Flow Reserve n/a n/a −2.0586 0.014
Age per year −0.0090 0.16 0.1090 0.020
Male vs. Female −0.3970 0.06 −0.0370 0.98
Race/ethnicity
    Non-Hispanic white ref ref
    Non-Hispanic black 0.1470 0.55 4.0930 0.017
    Hispanic −0.1540 0.42 4.9770 <0.001
    Other −0.9520 0.083 4.9650 0.18
Ever smoking vs. never 0.0400 0.82 0.9430 0.47
Hypertension, yes v. no −0.2630 0.13 3.2790 0.009
 Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) −0.0043 0.38 0.1336 <0.001
 Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) −0.0045 0.60 0.0455 0.47
BMI, per kg/m2 0.0080 0.64 0.4050 0.001
Diabetes, yes v. no 0.1270 0.65 3.3960 0.10
Total cholesterol, per mg/dL 0.0020 0.32 0.0020 0.89
LDL, per mg/dL 0.0030 0.30 0.0160 0.43
HDL, per mg/dL −0.0200 0.50 −0.1210 0.10
log Triglycerides, per mg/dL 0.3040 0.14 2.1600 0.17
RA duration (square root), per year 0.0130 0.81 0.4350 0.27
RF or anti-CCP, yes v. no −0.1780 0.36 3.2300 0.025
Swollen Joint Count (0-42), per joint −0.0020 0.86 0.2110 0.024
Tender Joint Count (0-44), per joint 0.0100 0.21 0.0910 0.13
DAS28-CRP, per unit 0.0770 0.28 1.0830 0.036
log CRP, per mg/L −0.0670 0.33 0.9270 0.06
Median IL-6, per unit −0.2710 0.12 2.33 0.072
AM stiffness (square root), per min −0.0240 0.30 0.2090 0.29
HAQ, per unit −0.0560 0.61 1.0300 0.20
Biologic, yes v. no
    No biologic ref ref
    TNF inhibitors 0.3130 0.110 −0.3060 0.83
    Non-TNF biologics 0.2400 0.43 2.2300 0.32
Methotrexate, yes v. no −0.1721 0.34 0.5939 0.65
Current prednisone, yes v. no −0.2700 0.15 1.3090 0.34
Current statin, yes v.no 0.2344 0.29 1.6282 0.38
Current ACE-inhibitor, yes v. no 0.0054 0.98 4.3343 0.010
Current beta-blocker, yes v. no −0.2133 0.93 2.7045 0.18
CAC score
    CAC score zero ref ref
    CAC score 0-99 −0.2590 0.28 2.0808 0.042
    CAC score ≥100 −0.1010 0.64 3.8480

Legend: Beta coefficients represent the average change in the MFR or LVMI per 1-unit higher value of the independent continuous variable of interest or for those with versus those without the independent dichotomous variable of interest., MFR: myocardial Blood Flow Reserve, LVMI: Left Ventricule Mass indexed for height2.73, SD: Standard Deviation, IQR: inter quantile range, RA: rheumatoid arthritis, RF: rheumatoid factor, CCP: cyclic citrullinated protein antibody, DAS: disease activity score, HAQ: health assessment questionnaire, AM: morning, CRP: C-reactive protein, IL-6: interleukin 6, CAC: coronary artery calcium.