Table 2.

Mixed models on psychophysiological response.

Measure	Predictors by trial	χ2	f2	Predictors by threat	χ2	f2
EMG	Trial	23.23***	0.24	Threat	50.93**	0.50
	PTSD × Trial	1.05	0.00	PTSD × Threat	7.66*	0.14
	Caudal ACC × Trial	6.34	0.00	Caudal ACC × Threat	3.39	0.01
	Caudal ACC × PTSD	1.89	0.00	Caudal ACC × PTSD	1.90	0.00
	Caudal ACC × PTSD × Trial	1.04	0.00	Caudal ACC × PTSD × Threat	4.66+	0.02
	Rostral ACC × Trial	2.07	0.00	Rostral ACC × Threat	0.22	0.00
	Rostral ACC × PTSD	1.96	0.00	Rostral ACC × PTSD	1.78	0.00
	Rostral ACC × PTSD × Trial	0.20	0.00	Rostral ACC × PTSD × Threat	6.33+	0.02
SCR	Trial	54.63***	0.45	Threat	84.43***	0.46
	PTSD × Trial	15.40***	0.20	PTSD × Threat	1.50	0.00
	Caudal ACC × Trial	10.45*	0.16	Caudal ACC × Threat	0.13	0.00
	Caudal ACC × PTSD	29.61***	0.40	Caudal ACC × PTSD	17.50***	0.24
	Caudal ACC × PTSD × Trial	12.70***	0.32	Caudal ACC × PTSD × Threat	1.55	0.00
	Rostral ACC × Trial	6.80	0.00	Rostral ACC × Threat	10.08**	0.06
	Rostral ACC × PTSD	31.55***	0.30	Rostral ACC × PTSD	17.24***	0.20
	Rostral ACC × PTSD × Trial	15.64***	0.28	Rostral ACC × PTSD × Threat	19.41***	0.28
Heart rate	Trial	3.71	0.00	Threat	11.56***	0.20
	PTSD × Trial	1.42	0.00	PTSD × Threat	4.26	0.01
	Caudal ACC × Trial	2.65	0.00	Caudal ACC × Threat	5.53+	0.08
	Caudal ACC × PTSD	0.13	0.00	Caudal ACC × PTSD	0.12	0.00
	Caudal ACC × PTSD × Trial	3.91	0.01	Caudal ACC × PTSD × Threat	1.71	0.00
	Rostral ACC × Trial	0.86	0.00	Rostral ACC × Threat	1.63	0.00
	Rostral ACC × PTSD	0.83	0.00	Rostral ACC × PTSD	1.06	0.00
	Rostral ACC × PTSD × Trial	0.20	0.00	Rostral ACC × PTSD × Threat	0.07	0.00

Note: All models included the following covariates: age, race, years of education, adult trauma exposure, and the order that participants were exposed to the high threat condition. f² ≥ 0.02, f² ≥ 0.15, and f² ≥ 0.35 represent small, medium, and large effect sizes, respectively.

⁺p < 0.10.

^*p < 0.05.

^**p < 0.01.

^***p < 0.001.