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. 2019 Feb 4;9:1361. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-37227-w

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Characterization of unit recordings. (a) Optical responses to 2 Hz, 100 ms, 10 mW pulse train laser stimulation in a unit in the virus injected rat (R328). (b) Immuno-histochemical preparations showing electrode track and neurons transduced with CAV2-PRS-ChR2-mCherry. (c) Distribution of average firing rates of units recorded. Optogenetically identified noradrenergic units (rat R328) are shaded black. (d) Distribution of spike widths of units recorded. Optogenetically identified noradrenergic units are shaded black. (e) Left) Overdrawn waveforms of a single unit recorded in LC in a behaving rat. (f) Nissl stained section showing the placement of the LC electrode in one of the recorded rats. Red arrow indicates the electrode tip position. TH, Tyrosine Hydroxylase; 4V, fourth ventricle; Me5, mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus.