Table 2.
Risk variants identified in our previous studies on Arab individuals from Kuwait.
| Metabolic traits | Gene loci /variant | Model; p-value; Beta value for associations | OMIM annotation for the gene (where available) |
|---|---|---|---|
| I. OBESITY TRAITS (25) | |||
| Waist Circumference (WC) | TCN2/rs9606756 | Additive; 1.46E-07 (9.46E-08 upon correction for medication); 4.815 | Transcobalamin II deficiency (AR) (PMIM: 275350) |
| II. BLOOD PRESSURE TRAITS (27) | |||
| Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) | MC3R/rs3827103 [Val81Ile] | Additive; Sequencing the genes. 0.01; 4.9 | Mycobacterium tuberculosis, protection against; (PMIM: 607948); Obesity, severe, susceptibility to, BMIQ9; (PMIM: 602025) |
| III. METABOLIC TRAITS (26) | |||
| Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) | ZNF106 (W > R)/rs12440118 | Recessive; 7.07E-08; 2.006 | |
| Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) | OTX2-AS1/rs7144734 | Recessive; 2.82E-07; 1.465 | OTX2 with Microphthalmia, syndromic 5 (AD) (PMIM: 610125); Pituitary hormone deficiency, combined, 6 (AD) (PMIM: 613986); Retinal dystrophy, early-onset, with or without pituitary dysfunction (AD) (PMIM: 610125). AS1 with susceptibility to Asthma (PMIM: 607277) |
| Triglyceride (TG) | PLGRKT/rs17501809 | Recessive; 1.04E-07; 1.807 | |
| Triglyceride (TG) | LOC105376072/ rs11143005 | Recessive; 4.03E-07; 0.419 | |
| Triglyceride (TG) | IGF1/rs10860880 | Recessive; 2.07E-07; 1.596 | Growth retardation with deafness and mental retardation due to IGF1 deficiency (AR) (PMIM: 608747). Decreased IGF-1 secretion occurs in the majority of the thalassemia patients particularly those with growth and pubertal delay (28). Thalassemia is recessively inherited |
| Triglyceride (TG) | [THSD4, NR2E3]/ rs900543 | Recessive; 1.27E-07; 1.625 | NR2E3 with Enhanced S-cone syndrome (AR) (PMIM: 268100); Retinitis pigmentosa 37 (AD,AR) (PMIM: 611131) |
| IV. LIPID TRAITS (24) | |||
| Triglyceride/Fasting Plasma Glucose/Glycated hemoglobin—TG/FPG/HbA1c | RPS6KA1/rs1002487 | Recessive; 7.17E-11; 6.517/1.64E-08; 8.315 (for FPG) | |
| Triglyceride (TG) | LAD1/rs11805972 | Recessive; 2.16E-17; 8.485 | Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (AR) (PMIM: 116920) |
| Triglyceride (TG) | OR5V1/rs7761746 | Recessive; 1.31E-09; 6.006 | |
| Triglyceride (TG) | [CTTNBP2, LSM8]/rs39745 | Recessive; 1.57E-08; 5.643 | |
| Triglyceride (TG) | PGAP3/rs2934952 | Recessive; 1.16E-09; 6.086 | Hyperphosphatasia with mental retardation syndrome 4 (AR) (PMIM: 615716) |
| Triglyceride (TG) | [RP11-191L9,CERK]/rs9626773 | Recessive; 7.47E-15/7.776 | |
| Triglyceride (TG) | ST6GALNAC5/rs10873925 | Recessive; 4.11E-08/0.633 | |
| Triglyceride (TG) | SPP2_ARL4C/rs4663379 | Recessive; 8.38E-09/1.841 | |
| Triglyceride (TG) | NPY1R/rs10033119 | Recessive; 8.79E-09/2.698 | |
| Triglyceride (TG) | LINC00911_FLRT2/rs17709449 | Recessive; 5.12E-08/1.173 | |
| Triglyceride (TG) | CDK12-NEUROD2/ rs11654954 | Recessive; 2.18E-08, 0.9881 | |
| Triglyceride (TG) | STARD3/rs9972882 | Recessive; 1.81E-08, 0.7284 | |
| VI. ESTABLISHED MARKERS (AT SUGGESTIVE p-VALUES IN GWAS CATALOG) APPEARING IN KUWAITI DATA SET ALSO AT NOMINAL p -VALUES FOR ASSOCIATION | |||
| Triglyceride (TG) | rs9326246/BUD13 | Additive; 5.19E-06; 0.24 (KWT) ≤ 1.27E-229; 0.22 [European population (29)] | |
| High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) | rs3764261/CETP | Additive; 1.10E-05 (KWT)—reached 4.64E-08 under joint analysis. 1E-769 [European, East Asian, South Asian and African ancestry (30)] | |
| High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) | rs1864163/CETP | Additive; 4.64E-06 (KWT)—reached 1.15E-08 under joint analysis. 7E-39 [FUSION, SardINIA, Diabetes Genetics Initiative studies; also, in East Asian, and European populations (30, 31)] | |
| High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) | rs1800775/CETP | Additive; 4.99E-06 (KWT)—reached 5.51E-08 under joint analysis. 4E-93 [Europeans and Filipinos (32)] | |
| Triglyceride (TG) | rs9972882/STARD3 | Additive; 4.07E-07 (KWT) An LD marker rs1877031/ STARD3 is an established marker in East Asians for the related trait of HDL at 1E-21 [East Asians (30)] | |
| VI. ESTABLISHED MARKERS (AT GENOME-WIDE SIGNIFICANCE IN GWAS CATALOG) APPEARING IN KUWAITI DATA SET AT NOMINAL p-VALUES FOR ASSOCIATION | |||
| Triglyceride (TG) | rs900543/[THSD4,NR2E3] | Recessive; 2.26E-07; 1.625 (KWT). 9.40E-05; 0.036 [Europeans (33)] Fasting insulin | |
| Triglyceride (TG) | rs11143005/LOC105376072 | Recessive; 3.218E-07; 0.420 (KWT). 4.47E-05; 0.11 [Europeans (34)] 2 h fasting glucose | |
| Triglyceride (TG) | rs17569297/[LOC105369738, LOC105369739] | Recessive; 6.963E-06; 0.773 (KWT) 1.51E-06; NA [Europeans (35)] HDL | |
| Total Cholesterol (TC) | rs10935794/[RPL32P9, LINC01213] | Additive; 3.65E-06; 0.2037 (KWT) 9.80E-05; NA [Europeans (36)] Serum ratio of Arabinose fructose | |