TABLE I.

Source and availability of CHPs

Name, owner	Format	Academic use	Commercial use	Image data	Reference
ViP V1.x, IT’IS Foundation, Switzerland	voxels proprietary (Sim4Life1)	free	license fees may apply	MRI	[11]
ViP V3.x, IT’IS Foundation, Switzerland	proprietary (Sim4Life1)	free	license fees may apply	MRI	[12]
XCAT, Duke University, USA	NURBS surface mesh voxels	license fees may apply	license fees may apply	NLM Visible Human chest CT used for personalization modified to ICRP-89 reference	[18]
GSF Voxel Phantoms, Helmholtz Institute, Germany	voxels	free	prohibited	CT modified to ICRP-89 reference	[90]
RPI Phantoms, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA	surface mesh voxels	free (collaborators)	n/a	NLM Visible Human CT modified to ICRP-89 reference	[77]
UF Library, University Florida/ NIH NCI, USA	NURBS surface mesh voxels	free	license fees may apply	CT modified to ICRP-89 reference	[93]
HDRK, Hanyang University, South-Korea	voxels surface mesh tetrahedral mesh	free	unknown	Visible Korean modified to reference Korean	[96]
Japanese Voxel Phantoms, Japan Atomic Energy Agency	voxels	unknown	unknown	CT modified to ICRP-89 reference	[80] [211]
Chinese Voxel Phantoms Institute for Radiation Protection, China	voxels	unknown	unknown	Visible Chinese	[79] [210]
Pediatric Phantom Library Geneva University Hospital	voxels	unknown	unknown	modified from Virtual Population pediatric models	[81]
GHBMC, GHBMC/ Elemance, USA	voxels surface mesh proprietary (LS-DYNA, PAM-CRASH, …)	license fees may apply	license fees may apply	CT and population statistics (e.g., cortical thickness)	[102] [212]
THUMS, Toyota, LSTC, USA	proprietary (LS-DYNA)	unknown	unknown	CT	[106]
AustinMan/Woman, University of Texas at Austin, USA	voxels	free CCBY-NC-ND 3.0 [99]	prohibited CCBY-NC-ND3.0 [99]	NLM Visible Human	[98]
PIPER project, Open Source	proprietary (LS-DYNA)	free GPLv3	free GPLv3	unknown	[100]

¹Sim4Life is a commercial physics simulation platform for computational life-science, www.zurichmedtech.com.