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. 2018 Oct;148(4):396–410. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1983_17

Table II.

Details of smokeless tobacco cessation intervention non case-control studies

Authors Country Year Study type Subject characteristics Intervention period Follow up period Quit rate (%)

n Age (yr)
Behavioural interventions only

Eakin et al35 USA 1989 Pilot study 25 males 3 months 16
Masouredis et al36 USA 1997 RCT 1208 males 3 months 24
Walsh et al27 USA 1998 Pilot study 304 males Minor and major league players 6 months 9
Boyle et al28 USA 1999 Media campaign 205 males 21-79 Average age=37.5 1 yr 11.5
Fisher et al37 USA 2001 Cohort study 50 (49 males, 1 female) 18 and above 6 wk 58
Lichtenstein et al29 USA 2002 363 female romantic partners of male smokeless tobacco users Average age=40 6 months 32
Gala et al38 USA 2008 Cohort study 18 males 18 and above 1 month 8
Mishra et al30 India 2009 Cohort study 104 males 1 yr 51.5
Meier et al31 USA 2013 Institutional intervention 2293 males 18-56 (average age =20.6) 4 yr 16.4
Mishra et al32 India 2014 Community-based intervention 304 women 1 yr 33.5
Siddiqi et al33 UK, Pakistan 2016 Pilot study 32 (16 males and 16 females) 18 and above 6 months 12.5
Gupta et al34 India 2016 Quitline 1105 Majority between 16-25 1 call session 1 wk, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 yr 20.0 (at 18 months)

NRT with behavioural interventions

Sinusas et al56 USA 1993 Preliminary trial 14 males 2-4 months Up to 12 months 21 (at the end of treatment), 7 (at follow up)
Hatsukami et al57 USA 2003 Pilot study 40 males Average age=31.9 12 wk At 26 wk 25 (at end of treatment) 15 (at follow up)
Ebbert et al58 USA 2007 Open-label, one-arm, phase II clinical trial 30 (29 males, 1 female) Average age=35.4 12 wk 6 months 53 (at end of treatment), 47 (at follow up)
Wallstrom et al55 Sweden 2010 Prospective, open, non-randomized intervention trial 50 males Average age=42.2 Six wk 3, 6, 12 months 30 (at 12 months)
Mushtaq et al39 USA 2015 Cohort study 374 males Average age=41.3 7 months 43

Non-Nicotine therapy with behavioural interventions: Varenicline

Ebbert et al47 USA 2010 Pilot study 20 males Average age=42.8 12 wk 6 months 15 (at 12 wk) 10 (at 6 months)

NRT, Nicotine replacement therapy