Table 1.

Characterization of LPNs (Mean ± SD, N=3)

Characterization	Particle size (nm)	PDI	Zeta potential (mV)	EE (%)	LC (%)
RPV-LPNs	112±3	0.16±0.02	−33.2±3.2	90.2±3.7	5.1±0.4
E-LPNs	111±2	0.11±0.01	−34.3±2.8	–	–

Abbreviations: LPNs, lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles; PDI, polydispersity; EE, entrapment efficiency; LC, loading capacity; RPV, ropivacaine.