Fig. 3.

The emp 12 mutants only affect expression of nad2 in the mitochondria. Total RNA was extracted from fresh maize kernels at 12 DAP and reverse transcribed using hexamer primers. RT–PCR analysis was performed by using three biological replicates and was normalized to Ubiquitin. (A) Transcript analysis of nad genes in emp12 mutant alleles. (B) Expression levels of mitochondrial transcripts were quantified by qRT-PCR analysis. The transcript abundance was plotted as emp12/wild-type log2 ratios using Ubiquitin for normalization.