Table 6.
Correlation between reported barriers to exclusive breastfeeding with mothers' educational attainment and economic status.
| Constraints | Mother's Educational Status |
P value | Mother's Economic Status |
P value | Overall Analysis |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Illiterate n = 27 |
Primary n = 56 |
Secondary n = 177 |
High n = 37 |
Low n = 83 |
Medium n = 214 |
n = 297 | |||
| Mastitis/Breast Abscess | .361*** | .340*** | |||||||
| Yes | 3 (7.7) | 5 (12.8) | 23 (59) | 8 (20.5) | 8 (20.5) | 31 (79.5) | 39 (13.1) | ||
| No | 24 (9.3) | 51 (19.8) | 154 (59.7) | 29 (11.2) | 75 (29.1) | 183 (70.9) | 258 (86.9) | ||
| Full Breasts/Breast Engorgement/Sore or Fissured Nipple | .371*** | ,534** | |||||||
| Yes | 2 (6.5) | 5 (16.1) | 17 (54.8) | 7 (22.6) | 7 (22.6) | 24 (77.4) | 31 (10.4) | ||
| No | 25 (9.4) | 51 (19.2) | 160 (60.2) | 30 (11.3) | 76 (28.6) | 190 (71.4) | 266 (89; 6) | ||
| Perceived Insufficiency and Low Breast-Milk Production | .199** | .181** | |||||||
| Yes | 10 (9.1) | 26 (23.6) | 65 (59.1) | 9 (8.2) | 36 (32.7) | 74 (67.3) | 110 (37) | ||
| No | 17 (9.1) | 30 (16) | 112 (59.9) | 28 (15) | 47 (25.1) | 140 (74.9) | 187 (63) | ||
| Inverted, Flat, Large and Long Nipples | .149*** | .336*** | |||||||
| Yes | 2 (9.1) | 2 (9.1) | 12 (54.5) | 6 (27.3) | 4 (18.2) | 18 (81.8) | 22 (7.4) | ||
| No | 25 (9.1) | 54 (19.6) | 165 (60) | 31 (11.3) | 79 (28.7) | 196 (71.3) | 275 (92.6) | ||
| Low Breast-Milk Intake | .097*** | .520*** | |||||||
| Yes | 2 (16.7) | 0 (0) | 7 (58.3) | 3 (25) | 2 (16.7) | 10 (83.3) | 12 (4) | ||
| No | 25 (8.8) | 56 (19.6) | 170 (59.6) | 34 (11.9) | 81 (28.4) | 204 (71.6) | 285 (96) | ||
| Being Depressed, Lacking in Confidence, Worried, or Stressed | .491*** | .357** | |||||||
| Yes | 2 (8) | 7 (28) | 12 (48) | 4 (16) | 9 (36) | 16 (64) | 25 (8.4) | ||
| No | 25 (9.2) | 49 (18) | 165 (60.7) | 33 (12.1) | 74 (27.2) | 198 (72.8) | 272 (91.6) | ||
| Short-Term Separation Due to Employment Outside the Home | <.001*** | .001*** | |||||||
| Yes | 1 (12.5) | 6 (75) | 0 (0) | 1 (12.5) | 7 (87.5) | 1 (12.5) | 8 (2.7) | ||
| No | 26 (9) | 50 (17.3) | 177 (61.2) | 36 (12.5) | 76 (26.3) | 213 (73.7) | 289 (97. 3) | ||
| Health Facility Environment and Family Members Were Not Supportive | .210*** | .527*** | |||||||
| Yes | 0 (0) | 2 (15.4) | 7 (53.8) | 4 (30.8) | 2 (15.4) | 11 (84.6) | 13 (4.4) | ||
| No | 27 (9.5) | 54 (19) | 170 (59.9) | 33 (11.6) | 81 (28.5) | 203 (71.5) | 284 (95.6) | ||
Note: Values are expressed as count and percentage. ** Chi-Square test; *** Fisher's test. p < .05 is considered to be significant.