Table 1.
The demographic characteristics and clinical presentations of the patients in Tongji hospital and GuangZhou chest hospital.
| Tongji hospital (training group) | Guangzhou chest hospital (validation group) | p# | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Confirmed plTB | Probable plTB | Non-plTB | p* | Confirmed plTB | Probable plTB | Non-plTB | p* | |
| n = 53 | n = 74 | n = 91 | n = 48 | n = 64 | n = 98 | 0.331 | |||
| Ages (years) | 46.9 ± 22.6 | 43.1 ± 20.9 | 56.2 ± 15.4 | <0.001 | 46.3 ± 22.3 | 48.8 ± 19.9 | 55.5± 14.9 | <0.001 | 0.372 |
| Gender, male | 36 (67.9) | 49 (66.2) | 53 (58.2) | 0.202 | 34 (70.8) | 45 (70.3) | 61 (62.2) | 0.241 | 0.480 |
| Tuberculosis history | 11 (20.7) | 13 (17.5) | 2 (2.0) | <0.001 | 10 (20.8) | 13 (20.3) | 3 (3.1) | <0.001 | 1.000 |
| SYMPTOMS | |||||||||
| Chest tightness | 23 (43.4) | 40 (54.0) | 41 (45.1) | 0.583 | 20 (41.7) | 33 (51.6) | 42 (42.9) | 0.579 | 0.629 |
| Chest pain | 36 (67.9) | 30 (40.5) | 26 (28.6) | 0.001 | 34 (70.8) | 27 (42.2) | 30 (30.6) | 0.001 | 0.845 |
| Hemoptysis | 0 (0) | 1 (1.4) | 7 (7.7) | 0.01 | 0 (0) | 1 (1.6) | 9 (9.2) | 0.007 | 0.635 |
| Cough | 41 (77.4) | 56 (75.7) | 58 (63.7) | 0.049 | 38 (79.2) | 50 (78.1) | 67 (68.4) | 0.116 | 0.589 |
| Weight loss | 23 (43.4) | 30 (40.5) | 23 (25.3) | 0.014 | 19 (39.6) | 24 (37.5) | 28 (28.6) | 0.146 | 0.839 |
| Fever | 13 (24.5) | 38 (51.4) | 27 (29.7) | 0.118 | 14 (29.2) | 34 (53.1) | 30 (30.6) | 0.086 | 0.841 |
| RADIOLOGICAL FINDINGS | |||||||||
| Lung shadow | 51 (96.2) | 60 (81.1) | 70 (76.9) | 0.046 | 46 (95.8) | 52 (81.3) | 73 (74.5) | 0.02 | 0.705 |
| Enlargement of lymph nodes | 13 (24.5) | 20 (27.0) | 47 (51.6) | <0.001 | 12 (25.0) | 17 (26.6) | 58 (59.2) | <0.001 | 0.323 |
| Peripheral blood WBC counts (× 109/L) | 6.51 ± 2.90 | 5.96 ± 2.96 | 7.27 ± 4.39 | 0.187 | 6.20 ± 2.05 | 6.30 ± 2.85 | 7.06 ± 2.82 | 0.084 | 0.314 |
| Peripheral blood lymphocyte proportion (%) | 18.3 ± 8.0 | 18.3 ± 8.1 | 20.2 ± 10.7 | 0.229 | 19.2 ± 5.8 | 19.6 ± 7.3 | 18.4 ± 9.4 | 0.089 | 0.822 |
| hsCRP (mg/L) | 52.0 ± 60.7 | 54.8 ± 61.4 | 43.2 ± 60.3 | 0.035 | 50.0 ± 50.7 | 45.7 ± 47.7 | 40.8 ± 51.6 | 0.043 | 0.948 |
| ESR (mm/H) | 42.5 ± 25.5 | 37.9 ± 24.4 | 39.8 ± 37.9 | 0.17 | 38.8 ± 25.4 | 36.5 ± 25.8 | 35.5 ± 33.6 | 0.167 | 0.343 |
| CYTOLOGICAL INDEXES OF PLEURAL FLUID | |||||||||
| RBC counts (× 109/L) | 2.97 (0.80–6.82) | 2.88 (1.20–5.00) | 2.92 (0.61–10.8) | 0.864 | 2.94 (1.76–3.88) | 2.90 (0.79–6.41) | 2.30 (0.80–14.4) | 0.718 | 0.780 |
| Nucleated cell counts (× 109/L) | 0.96 (0.60–2.25) | 1.32 (0.58–2.86) | 0.73 (0.36–1.92) | 0.139 | 1.22 (0.46–2.67) | 1.20 (0.52–2.00) | 0.80 (0.26–1.75) | 0.064 | 0.779 |
| Lymphocyte proportion (%) | 68.8 ± 23.8 | 71.9 ± 21.6 | 47.9 ± 25.1 | <0.001 | 68.3 ± 19.2 | 70.6 ± 18.4 | 48.6 ± 27.7 | <0.001 | 0.770 |
| Neutrophils proportion (%) | 8.8 ± 7.6 | 9.4 ± 8.2 | 20.6 ± 21.5 | 0.002 | 8.9 ± 8.2 | 11.0 ± 7.6 | 18.8 ± 23.4 | 0.349 | 0.875 |
| Macrophages proportion (%) | 10.0 ± 6.7 | 11.0 ± 8.6 | 20.1 ± 13.9 | <0.001 | 11.6 ± 8.7 | 11.6 ± 7.2 | 22.6 ± 19.1 | <0.001 | 0.469 |
| Mesothelial cells proportion (%) | 0.8 ± 1.6 | 1.7 ± 3.9 | 4.7 ± 6.0 | <0.001 | 0.7 ± 1.4 | 1.4 ± 2.0 | 3.7 ± 6.4 | 0.031 | 0.414 |
| Eosinophils proportion (%) | 0.6 ± 1.9 | 0.3 ± 0.8 | 2.6 ± 9.0 | 0.18 | 0.3 ± 1.0 | 0.1 ± 0.4 | 3.6 ± 11.3 | 0.007 | 0.517 |
| BIOCHEMICAL INDEXES OF PLEURAL FLUID | |||||||||
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.1 ± 2.0 | 6.0 ± 1.9 | 6.3 ± 1.9 | 0.011 | 5.3 ± 1.6 | 6.1 ± 1.8 | 6.5 ± 2.4 | 0.037 | 0.478 |
| Total protein (g/L) | 47.8 ± 8.8 | 48.8 ± 6.6 | 34.8 ± 13.0 | <0.001 | 49.5 ± 7.2 | 45.4 ± 9.9 | 38.6 ± 12.5 | <0.001 | 0.711 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 26.2 ± 5.9 | 27.1 ± 4.2 | 21.7 ± 6.6 | <0.001 | 27.2 ± 4.6 | 23.6 ± 8.2 | 22.0 ± 8.0 | 0.021 | 0.640 |
| LDH (U/L) | 426 (237–601) | 367 (223–457) | 156 (92–350) | <0.001 | 450 (297–528) | 353 (179–530) | 188 (125–448) | <0.001 | 0.273 |
| ADA (IU/L) | 26.0 ± 15.3 | 34.0 ± 12.4 | 14.2 ± 22.4 | <0.001 | 26.3 ± 16.5 | 33.3 ± 18.9 | 13.3 ± 16.8 | <0.001 | 0.983 |
| CEA (ng/ml) | 0.97 (0.81–1.45) | 0.97 (0.63–1.57) | 1.56 (0.63–22.08) | 0.024 | 1.03 (0.58–1.76) | 1.05 (0.81–2.34) | 1.64 (0.83–7.7) | 0.013 | 0.339 |
| AFS | 14 (26.4) | 11 (22.9) | 0.818 | ||||||
| Xpert | 42 (79.2) | 37 (77.1) | 0.814 | ||||||
| Culture | 48 (90.6) | 42 (87.5) | 0.753 | ||||||
| Histopathology | 25 (33.8) | 25 (39.1) | 0.595 | ||||||
| PB T-SPOT(+) | 37 (69.8) | 49 (66.2) | 24 (26.4) | <0.001 | 34 (70.8) | 43 (67.2) | 26 (26.5) | <0.001 | 0.773 |
| PF T-SPOT(+) | 50 (94.3) | 70 (94.6) | 27 (29.7) | <0.001 | 45 (93.8) | 62 (96.9) | 32 (32.7) | <0.001 | 0.837 |
plTB, pleural tuberculosis; WBC, white blood cell; RBC, red blood cell; hsCRP, hypersensitive C reactive protein; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; ADA, adenosine deaminase activity; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; AFS, acid-fast stain; PB, peripheral blood; PF, pleural fluid.
*
Comparisons were performed between plTB group (including confirmed plTB and probable plTB) and non-plTB group using chi-square test and Mann–Whitney U test.
#
Comparisons were performed between the Wuhan and Guangzhou cohorts using chi-square test and Mann–Whitney U test. Data are presented as means ± SD, medians (25th−75th centiles) or number (percentage).