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. 2019 Feb 5;9:1415. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-38391-9

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The Qizhu decoction extracts depend on NF-κB to inhibit DEN-induced HCC. The primary cancer hepatocytes were incubated with QC and QS for 24 h at concentrations of 5 μg/mL (QC+ and QS+) and 10 μg/mL (QC++ and QS++). (A,B) Effects of QC and QS on the protein levels of p65, p-p65, TNF-α, IL-1β, and COX-2 analyzed by real-time PCR. GAPDH was used as an internal control. Each value indicates the mean ± SD and is representative of results from three independent experiments; ^#P < 0.001 vs. control. (C) QC and QS inhibited cell growth dependent on NF-κB, as determined by a colony formation assay. (D) The numbers of colonies were calculated; ^#P < 0.001 vs. control. (E) Knockdown of p65 in liver cancer cells of mice analyzed by western blot.