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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2018 Oct 31;28(2):311–320. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-18-0669

Figure 1. Metabolic scheme for nicotine.

Figure 1.

(1) 4-hydroxy-4-(3-pyridyl)-butanoid acid, (2) nicotine-N’-oxide, (3) cotinine-N-oxide, (4) nicotine, (5) cotinine, (6) trans-3’-hydroxycotinine, (7) nicotine-N-glucuronide, (8) cotinine-N-glucuronide, and (9) cotinine-3’-O-glucuronide. Adapted from reference (17).