Analysis of purified and refolded nanobodies by SDS-PAGE (A) and Western blotting (B). The predicted sizes of the His-tagged nanobodies are 15 kDa without TAT (NB6 and NB53) and 19 kDa with the TAT leader peptide (TAT-NB6 and TAT-NB53). M, protein marker; lanes 1 to 4, NB6, NB53, TAT-NB6, and TAT-NB53. (C) Determination of the binding activity of TAT-Nb6 to Nsp9 by iELISA. TAT-Nb53 was used as a negative control. Assays were performed in triplicate, and data are presented as means ± standard deviations (SD).