Table 2.
The multivariable logistic regression for the presence of metastases at diagnosis of prostate cancer.
| Pt. no. | Multivariable logistic regression analysis Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Localized | With invasion | With metastasis | Among pt. with invasion | P value | Among pt. with metastasis | P value | |
| Age at diagnosis (y) | |||||||
| 30-50 | 256 | 13 | 17 | 1 (Reference) | NA | 1 (Reference) | NA |
| 51-70 | 4217 | 185 | 283 | 0.86 (0.49-1.54) | 0.62 | 1.01 (0.61-1. 68) | 0.97 |
| 71-85 | 2438 | 125 | 325 | 1.01 (0.56-1.81) | 0.97 | 2.01 (1.21-3. 32) | ∗∗0.01 |
| ≥86 | 152 | 13 | 62 | 1.68 (0.76-3.73) | 0.20 | 6.14 (3.46-10.89) | ∗∗<0.01 |
| Race | |||||||
| White | 5303 | 238 | 478 | 1 (Reference) | NA | 1 (Reference) | NA |
| Black | 1184 | 79 | 157 | 1.49 (1.14-1.93) | ∗∗<0.01 | 1.47 (1.22-1. 78) | ∗∗<0.01 |
| Asian | 495 | 15 | 42 | 0.68 (0.40-1.15) | 0.15 | 0.94 (0.68-1.31) | 0.72 |
| American Indian | 21 | 4 | 8 | 4.24 (1.45-12.46) | ∗∗0.01 | 4.23 (1.86-9.59) | ∗∗<0.01 |
| Grade | |||||||
| 1 | 299 | 6 | 6 | 1 (Reference) | NA | 1 (Reference) | NA |
| 2 | 4880 | 139 | 146 | 1.42 (0.62-3.24) | 0.41 | 1.49 (0.65-3.40) | 0.34 |
| 3 | 1639 | 173 | 315 | 5.26 (2.31-11.98) | ∗∗<0.01 | 9.58 (4.23-21.68) | ∗∗<0.01 |
| 4 | 26 | 3 | 16 | 5.75 (1.36-24.33) | ∗0.02 | 30.67 (11.06-85.07) | ∗∗<0.01 |
| Number of localized tumors | |||||||
| 1 | 6218 | 304 | 648 | 1 (Reference) | NA | 1 (Reference) | NA |
| ≥2 | 845 | 32 | 39 | 0.81 (0.61-1.07) | 0.13 | 0.74 (0.61-0. 91) | ∗∗<0.01 |
| PAP | |||||||
| - | 2878 | 242 | 127 | 1 (Reference) | NA | 1 (Reference) | NA |
| + | 4185 | 94 | 560 | 1.78 (1.39-2.26) | ∗∗<0.01 | 3.03 (2.49-3.70) | ∗∗<0.01 |
The multivariable logistic regression was used to determine whether age and race were associated with the presence of invasion and metastases at diagnosis; other variables in the model included pathological grade and number of localized tumors. The likelihood ratio test (LRT) is used in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Abbreviations: PAP: prostatic acid phosphatase; y: years; Pt. no.: patient number; ∗P ≤ 0.05; ∗∗P ≤ 0.01.