E-cadherin improved the survival of grafted NSCs in the short term. (A) T9 laminectomy was performed to exposure spinal cord. (B) Subsequent to clamping the spinal cord at T9 for 30 sec, two red lines were observed at either sides of the midline (black arrow). (C) The disruption of the tissue was observed in the injured spinal cord. (D) A total of 3 months post surgery, the injured spinal cord was able to form a large cavity surrounded by GFAP positive glial cells. (E) Transplanted NSCs were able to migrate to the lesion site, and E-cadherin improved the survival of NSCs around the epicenter in the short term. *P<0.05 vs. NSC. NSC, neural stem cells; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein. DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; GFP, green fluorescent protein; SCI, spinal cord injury.