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. 2019 Mar-Apr;16(2):87–94.

Figure 4.

Figure 4

The effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus-derived biosurfactant on gtfB/C and ftf genes expression level in immobilized biofilm. S. m = Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668; 22 is Streptococcus mutans strain 22. The mRNA expression levels were calibrated relative to the control group (in the absence of biosurfactant). The results are expressed as the means and standard errors of duplicate experiments using primers specific for gtfB/C, ftf, and 16S rRNA (normalizing gene).