Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of control patients and patients continuing loop diuretics
| Characteristics | Control Patients, n=6078 | Patients Continuing Loop Diuretics,a n=5219 | Standardized Difference, % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr | −14.1 | ||
| Mean±SD | 70±12 | 68±12 | |
| Median [p25, p75] | 72 [65, 79] | 70 [61, 77] | |
| Sex, n (%) | −1.9 | ||
| Men | 2860 (47) | 2505 (48) | |
| Women | 3218 (53) | 2714 (52) | |
| Race, n (%) | 4.4 | ||
| White | 3359 (55) | 2832 (54) | |
| Black | 1573 (26) | 1360 (26) | |
| Hispanic | 726 (12) | 663 (13) | |
| Asian | 190 (3) | 189 (4) | |
| Other/unknown | 230 (4) | 175 (3) | |
| Vascular access, n (%) | 22.9 | ||
| Arteriovenous fistula | 984 (16) | 1259 (24) | |
| Arteriovenous graft | 354 (6) | 413 (8) | |
| Central venous catheter | 4712 (77) | 3518 (67) | |
| Missing/unknown | 28 (1) | 29 (1) | |
| Etiology of ESKD, n (%) | 3.8 | ||
| Diabetes | 3285 (54) | 2899 (56) | |
| Hypertension | 1723 (28) | 1469 (28) | |
| Other | 1070 (18) | 851 (16) | |
| Charlson comorbidity index score | −8.2 | ||
| Mean±SD | 6.3±1.6 | 6.2±1.6 | |
| Median [p25, p75] | 6.0 [5.0, 7.0] | 6.0 [5.0, 7.0] | |
| 24-h urine ≥200 ml, n (%) | 1853 (31) | 2086 (40) | 19.6 |
| Vintage, d | −4.6 | ||
| Mean±SD | 23±20 | 22±18 | |
| Median [p25, p75] | 18 [9, 27] | 18 [9, 27] | |
| Prior transplant, n (%) | 13 (0.2) | 13 (0.3) | 0.7 |
| Nephrology care before dialysis initiation, n (%) | 13.7 | ||
| Yes | 3923 (65) | 3687 (71) | |
| No | 1356 (22) | 911 (17) | |
| Did not report | 798 (13) | 621 (12) | |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 4557 (75) | 4023 (77) | 4.9 |
| Heart failure, n (%) | 790 (13) | 667 (13) | −0.7 |
| Cerebrovascular disease, n (%) | 69 (1) | 58 (1) | −0.2 |
| Coronary artery disease | 677 (11) | 566 (11) | −0.9 |
| Predialysis systolic BP, mm Hg | |||
| Mean±SD | 144±21 | 145±20 | |
| Median [p25, p75] | 144 [130, 159] | 145 [132, 158] | 5.7 |
| Postdialysis systolic BP, mm Hg | |||
| Mean±SD | 143±20 | 144±19 | |
| Median [p25, p75] | 142 [129, 156] | 143 [130, 157] | 6.5 |
| Ultrafiltration volume, L | |||
| Mean±SD | 2.1±1.3 | 2.0±1.3 | −6.5 |
| Median [p25, p75] | 2.0 [1.4, 2.7] | 1.9 [1.3, 2.6] | |
| Ultrafiltration rate, ml/kg per hour | |||
| Mean±SD | 8.3±8.1 | 7.9±8.7 | −4.4 |
| Median [p25, p75] | 7.3 [5.1, 10.0] | 6.9 [4.7, 9.5] | |
| Prescribed treatment time, min | |||
| Mean±SD | 213±48 | 213±56 | |
| Median [p25, p75] | 210 [195, 240] | 210 [184, 240] | −1.5 |
| Delivered treatment time, min | |||
| Mean±SD | 212±25 | 210±26 | −5.3 |
| Median [p25, p75] | 212 [191, 232] | 211 [188, 229] | |
| Target weight, kg | |||
| Mean±SD | 81.6±22.5 | 83.1±23.7 | 6.6 |
| Median [p25, p75] | 78.0 [65.8, 94.2] | 79.7 [66.0, 95.8] | |
| Postdialysis weight, kg | |||
| Mean±SD | 81.1±22.3 | 82.6±23.6 | |
| Median [p25, p75] | 77.5 [65.4, 93.6] | 78.9 [65.6, 95.4] | 6.5 |
| Interdialytic weight gain, kg | |||
| Mean±SD | 2.0±1.5 | 2.0±1.4 | −4.3 |
| Median [p25, p75] | 1.9 [1.3, 2.6] | 1.8 [1.2, 2.5] | |
| Albumin, g/dl | |||
| Mean±SD | 3.5±0.5 | 3.6±0.5 | 21.7 |
| Median [p25, p75] | 3.5 [3.2, 3.8] | 3.6 [3.3, 3.9] | |
| Potassium, mEq/L | |||
| Mean±SD | 4.3±0.6 | 4.3±0.6 | −0.9 |
| Median [p25, p75] | 4.3 [3.9, 4.7] | 4.3 [3.9, 4.7] |
p25, 25th percentile; p75, 75th percentile.
a
Patients continuing loop diuretics refilled a prescription for a loop diuretic immediately after dialysis initiation, whereas control patients did not.