Typical methods for the fabrication of 2D protein amyloids: (a) stacking, (b)
filtration and (c) self-assembly at an air–water interface. Image
(a–c) are reproduced by permission from (a) ref. 315, Copyright 2010, Nature publishing Group, (b) ref.
316, Copyright 2015, American
Chemical Society, and (c) ref. 317,
Copyright 2016, Royal Society of Chemistry.