Table 5.
Association between joint categories of glycemia biomarkers and prostate cancer in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC), 1990–2012
| Prostate Cancer Incidence | Lethal Prostate Cancer Incidence | Prostate Cancer Mortality | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. cases/ Person yrs |
HR1 | 95% CI | No. cases/ Person yrs |
HR1 | 95% CI | No. cases/ Person yrs |
HR1 | 95% CI | ||||||
| Joint Classification: fasting glucose and HbA1c | ||||||||||||||
| Low on HbA1c | 52/7,314 | 0.90 | (0.65 to 1.23) | 6/7,326 | 2.79 | (0.93 to 8.34) | 6/8,199 | 3.88 | (1.18 to 12.78) | |||||
| Normal on both markers | 159/20,243 | 1 | Ref | 7/20,305 | 1 | Ref | 5/22,899 | 1 | Ref | |||||
| High on 1 or both markers | 415/50,733 | 0.96 | (0.79 to 1.16) | 51/50,801 | 2.74 | (1.23 to 6.10) | 48/57,375 | 3.53 | (1.40 to 8.95) | |||||
| Diagnosed diabetes | 45/5,765 | 0.83 | (0.59 to 1.16) | 5/5,766 | 1.98 | (0.61 to 6.41) | 5/6,435 | 3.11 | (0.88 to 11.06) | |||||
| Joint Classification: fasting glucose, HbA1c, and glycated albumin | ||||||||||||||
| Low on any 1 marker | 88/12,661 | 0.93 | (0.71 to 1.21) | 8/12,680 | 2.02 | (0.73 to 5.61) | 8/14,118 | 2.75 | (0.89 to 8.48) | |||||
| Normal on all 3 markers | 141/18,059 | 1 | Ref | 7/18,121 | 1 | Ref | 5/20,409 | 1 | Ref | |||||
| High on 1 or more marker | 397/47,570 | 0.98 | (0.81 to 1.20) | 49/47,631 | 2.50 | (1.12 to 5.58) | 46/53,893 | 3.20 | (1.26 to 8.14) | |||||
| Diagnosed diabetes | 45/5,765 | 0.84 | (0.60 to 1.19) | 5/5,766 | 1.80 | (0.56 to 5.83) | 5/6,435 | 2.90 | (0.80 to 10.32) | |||||
| Joint Classification: fasting glucose, HbA1c, and fructosamine | ||||||||||||||
| Low on any 1 marker | 77/10,977 | 0.91 | (0.69 to 1.20) | 7/10,991 | 2.00 | (0.70 to 5.74) | 6/12,378 | 2.38 | (0.72 to 7.84) | |||||
| Normal on all 3 markers | 147/18,721 | 1 | Ref | 7/18,781 | 1 | Ref | 5/21,181 | 1 | Ref | |||||
| High on 1 or more marker | 402/48,592 | 0.97 | (0.80 to 1.18) | 50/48,660 | 2.58 | (1.16 to 5.75) | 48/54,914 | 3.40 | (1.34 to 8.63) | |||||
| Diagnosed diabetes | 45/5,765 | 0.83 | (0.59 to 1.17) | 5/5,766 | 1.85 | (0.57 to 5.98) | 5/6,435 | 3.00 | (0.84 to 10.67) | |||||
1
Model adjusted for age (years), race (African American from Jackson MS; African American from Forsyth Co. NC and Washington Co. MD; White from Forsyth Co. NC and Washington Co. MD), education (less than high school, high school/some college; college or above), BMI (kg/m2), waist circumference (cm), and smoking status (never; former/quit 10+ years ago; current/quit <10 years ago)