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. 2019 Feb 6;9:1502. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-37846-3

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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TB-IRIS patients can be distinguished from non-IRIS based on simultaneous assessment of memory markers and chemokine receptors. (A) Hierarchical cluster analysis of the z-score normalized average frequency values of the indicated CD4⁺ T cell phenotypes is shown to summarize the overall trends of data variation between the study groups and timepoints. Yellow color represents the highest values whereas blue color indicates the lowest values observed for each cell type. (B) A PCA model was employed to test whether a combination of the memory cell markers and chemokine receptors could cluster patients with IRIS vs. non-IRIS at week 0 (pre-ART) and at week 6 post-ART initiation (right panel). Loading Scores reflect the strength that the combination of markers represents in each principal component shown (left panel).