Table 2.
Incidence rates and hazard ratios for various lung diseases in individuals with incident systemic lupus erythematosus and general population comparators (2003–2013)
| Incident SLE (n = 3209) | General population (n = 17,658) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases, n (%) | Person-years | Incidence rate per 1000 person-years (95% CI) |
Cases, n (%) |
Person-years | Incidence rate per 1000 person-years (95% CI) |
Adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)a | |
| Any pulmonary disease | 227 (7.1) | 15,208 | 14.9 (13.1–17.0) | 246 (1.4) | 90,374 | 2.7 (2.4–3.1) | 5.8 (4.8–7.0) |
| By specific pulmonary disease | |||||||
| Interstitial lung disease | 48 (1.5) | 15,535 | 3.1 (2.3–4.1) | 15 (0.1) | 90,738 | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | 19.0 (10.7–34.0) |
| ARDS and hemorrhage | 16 (0.5) | 15,672 | 1.0 (0.6–1.7) | 18 (0.1) | 90,704 | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | 5.3 (2.7–10.5) |
| Pleural disorders | 91 (2.8) | 15,400 | 5.9 (4.8–7.3) | 93 (0.5) | 90,576 | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | 5.9 (4.4–7.9) |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 18 (0.6) | 15,675 | 1.2 (0.7–1.8) | 18 (0.1) | 90,737 | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | 6.1 (3.2–11.8) |
| Pulmonary embolism | 49 (1.5) | 15,568 | 3.2 (2.4–4.2) | 78 (0.4) | 90,595 | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 3.8 (2.6–5.4) |
| Diseases of the upper airway | 15 (0.5) | 15,655 | 1.0 (0.6–1.6) | 29 (0.2) | 90,685 | 0.3 (0.2–0.5) | 3.1 (1.7–5.8) |
| Pulmonary edema | 8 (0.3) | 15,703 | 0.5 (0.3–1.0) | 15 (0.1) | 90,752 | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | 3.3 (1.4–7.8) |
SLE systemic lupus erythematosus, CI confidence interval
aModel adjusted for age (continuous) and sex