Table 3.
Incidence rates and hazard ratios for various lung diseases in individuals with prevalent systemic lupus erythematosus and general population comparators (2001–2013)
| Prevalent SLE (n = 6908) | General population (n = 37,046) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases, n (%) | Person-years | Incidence rate per 1000 person-years (95% CI) | Cases, n (%) | Person-years | Incidence rate per 1000 person-years (95% CI) | Adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)a | |
| Any pulmonary disease | 700 (10.1) | 51,048 | 13.7 (12.7–14.8) | 872 (2.4) | 310,538 | 2.8 (2.6–3.0) | 5.4 (4.9–6.0) |
| By specific pulmonary disease | |||||||
| Interstitial lung disease | 170 (2.5) | 52,355 | 3.3 (2.8–3.8) | 73 (0.2) | 312,193 | 0.2 (0.2–0.3) | 14.3 (10.8–18.8) |
| ARDS and hemorrhage | 51 (0.7) | 52,954 | 1.0 (0.7–1.3) | 54 (0.2) | 312,245 | 0.2 (0.1–0.2) | 5.8 (3.9–8.5) |
| Pleural disorders | 237 (3.4) | 52,083 | 4.6 (4.0–5.2) | 317 (0.9) | 311,498 | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 4.6 (3.9–5.5) |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 63 (0.9) | 52,970 | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 61 (0.2) | 312,310 | 0.2 (0.2–0.3) | 6.8 (4.7–9.6) |
| Pulmonary embolism | 174 (2.5) | 52,544 | 3.3 (2.9–3.8) | 293 (0.8) | 311,543 | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 3.8 (3.1–4.6) |
| Diseases of the upper airway | 62 (0.9) | 52,841 | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 92 (0.3) | 312,066 | 0.3 (0.2–0.4) | 4.2 (3.0–5.8) |
| Pulmonary edema | 34 (0.5) | 53,094 | 0.6 (0.5–0.9) | 53 (0.1) | 312,380 | 0.2 (0.1–0.2) | 4.3 (2.8–6.7) |
SLE systemic lupus erythematosus, CI confidence interval, ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome
aModel adjusted for age (continuous) and sex