Table 1.
Biochemical and pharmacological data of all current animal-derived surfactant preparations
| Biochemical (trade) name | Preparation method | Total PL (mg/mL) | Main PL° | SP-B ∫ (mg/mL) | SP-C ∫ (mg/mL) | Dose # (mg/mL) | Volume (mL/kg) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bovine | Beractant (Survanta®) | Enriched minced lung† | 25 | DPPC (70%) and PS (4%) | 0.03 | 0.3 | 100 | 4 |
| BLES (Neosurf® or Liposurf®) | Lung lavage | 27 | DPPC (42%) and PG (11%) | 0.17 | 0.49 | 135 | 5 | |
| Bovactant (Alveofact®) | Lung lavage | 45 | DPPC (39%) and PG (8.5%) | 0.3 | 0.7 | 50 | 1.2 | |
| Calfactant (Infasurf ®) | Lung lavage (from calves) | 35 | DPPC (41%) and PG (6%) | 0.26 | 0.36 | 105 | 3 | |
| Calf Pulmonary Surfactant for Injection (Kelisu®) $ | Lung lavage (from calves) | 30 | DPPC 48% other data n.a. |
0.2 | 0.25 | 100 | 3.3 | |
| Korean bovine surfactant (Newfactan ®) | Minced lung | 25 | DPPC (60%) and PG (6%) | @ | @ | 120 | 4.8 | |
| Surfactant-TA (Surfacten®) | Enriched minced lung† | 25 | DPPC (65%) other data n.a. |
n.a. | n.a. | 120 | 4.8 | |
| Porcine | Butantan$ | Minced lung | 25 | DPPC (76%) and PE (7%) |
^ | ^ | 100 | 4 |
| Poractant-α (Curosurf ®) | Modified minced lung* | 80 | DPPC (46%) and PE (6%) | 0.45 | 0.9 | 100 or 200 | 1.25 or 2.5 | |
| Surfacen$ | Lung lavage | 25 | DPPC (45%) and PI (12%) | π | π | 100 | 4 |
Data have been rounded to the closest decimal; some data represent an average of the different values available and should be considered as an estimation. $Kelisu, Butantan and Surfacen are only marketed in China, Brasil and Cuba, respectively. †Minced lung is subjected to DPPC addition and the preparation method is analogous, which makes these two surfactants similar. @All surfactant proteins in Newfactant represent 1.1 ± 0.17 of the total. ^Protein B and C in Butantan represent 5–10% of the total; πAll surfactant proteins in Surfacen represent 1% of the total. No more details were available for these three surfactants (Newfactant, Butantan and Surfacen); protein content in Newfactant, Butantan and Surfacen is not expressed in mg/mL of the final solution, thus it is not comparable to that of other surfactants. The manufacturer of surfactant-TA refused to disclose additional details. *Modification consists in concentration by liquid gel chromatography. °DPPC is expressed as % of PC (with the exception of Kelisu where it is expressed as % of the total phospholipids), while other phospholipids are expressed as % to the total mass of surfactant. ∫ Surfactant proteins are expressed as mg/mL of final surfactant solution in the vial, normalized for the DPPC concentration (with the exception of Newfactant, Butantan and Surfacen – see above). #This is intended as the licensed dose for surfactants commercially available on the international market and as a suggested dose for Butantan and Surfacen which are available in Brazil and Cuba, respectively. Abbreviations: PL phospholipids, SP-B surfactant protein-B, SP-C surfactant protein-C