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ROS induces apoptosis of CD73+CD39+ Tregs, increasing production of adenosine in the TME. ROS classically induces tumor cell death through DNA-mediated cell damage, but it also induces apoptosis in immune cells. When CD73+CD39+ Tregs undergo apoptosis, they produce high levels of ATP that are rapidly converted into adenosine by CD73 and CD39 on the Tregs cell membrane. Accumulation of adenosine promotes an immuno suppressive environment. ROS, reactive oxygen species.
