Table 1.

Parameters Scored and Their Definitions

Parameter	Definition
Age at surgery	Years
Gender	Male and female
Surgical priority	Emergency (< 1 day), urgent (1-3 days), scheduled (> 3 days)
Spinal levels affected	No. of levels
Karnofsky performance score	Scale of 0-100
EQ-5D index	EuroQol five-dimensions questionnaire
Frankel category	Frankel grading system (A/B/C/D/E)
Tokuhashi score	0-15 points
Tomita score	2-10 points
Paralysis = yes	Wheelchair bound or confined to bed
ASA score	American Society for Anesthesiologists score (1-4)
Histologic tumor diagnosis	Breast, colorectal, renal, lung, prostate, myeloma, gastric, liver, bladder, lymphoma, melanoma, sarcoma, thyroid, miscellaneous
No. of extraspinal metastasis locations	0-4
Preoperative pain level	Numeric rating scale (0-10)
Intraoperative complications	Vascular; neurologic; visceral
Postoperative complications, including directly related to surgical intervention	Hematoma, infection, implant failure, CSF leakage, wound breakdown, neurologic deterioration, other
Cause of death	Related to disease, unrelated to disease, related to spine treatment, related to spine surgery, other/not known