Table 6.
Logistic Regression Analysis Exploring Factors Associated With Dying in 2 Years After Surgery
| Variable | No. | Unadjusted Analysis | Multivariable Analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P | ||
| Age at surgery (per 5-year increase) | 839 | 1.14 (1.07 to 1.22) | < .001 | 1.01 (0.99 to 1.23) | .07 |
| First surgery type (odds for emergency) | 595 | 1.62 (1.01 to 2.60) | .04 | 0.66 (0.35 to 1.27) | .22 |
| Spinal levels affected (per additional level) | 839 | 1.09 (1.02 to 1.17) | .007 | 1.21 (1.06 to 1.38) | .005 |
| Preoperative KPS (per 10-unit decrease) | 676 | 1.26 (1.15 to 1.37) | .04 | 1.13 (0.97 to 1.31) | .12 |
| Preoperative EQ-5D (per unit decrease) | 576 | 3.74 (2.05 to 6.80) | < .001 | — | — |
| Preoperative Frankel category | 820 | < .001 | .27 | ||
| E | Ref | Ref | |||
| D | 1.68 (1.18 to 2.40) | 1.38 (0.78 to 2.47) | |||
| A/B/C | 2.91 (1.90 to 4.45) | 1.93 (0.86 to 4.30) | |||
| Tokuhashi category (surgery) | 564 | < .001 | — | — | |
| 12-15 | Ref | ||||
| 9-11 | 1.87 (1.12 to 3.12) | ||||
| 0-8 | 5.21 (3.06 to 8.87) | ||||
| Tomita category (surgery) | 720 | < .001 | — | — | |
| ≤ 3 | Ref | ||||
| 4/5 | 2.09 (1.34 to 3.26) | ||||
| 6/7 | 3.24 (2.05 to 5.11) | ||||
| ≥ 8 | 7.88 (4.57 to 13.6) | ||||
| Paralysis (odds for paralysis) | 839 | 1.66 (1.17 to 2.36) | .004 | — | — |
| ASA | 652 | < .001 | — | .76 | |
| 1 | Ref | Ref | |||
| 2 | 1.98 (1.14 to 3.43) | 1.22 (0.58 to 2.57) | |||
| 3 | 3.06 (1.74 to 5.36) | 1.03 (0.46 to 2.28) | |||
| 4 | 18 (3.99 to 81.14) | 1 (—) | |||
| Complications (odds for complications) | 839 | 1.47 (1.03 to 2.08) | .03 | 1.22 (0.70 to 2.13) | .48 |
Abbreviations: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; EQ-5D, EuroQol five-dimensions questionnaire; KPS, Karnofsky performance score; Ref, reference.