Table 1. Clinicopathological characteristics of patients in Group I (early recurrence) and Group II (late recurrence) and p-value results of univariate analysis.
| Characteristic | All patients (n = 93) | Group I (n = 68) | Group II (n = 25) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median age years (range) | 66.66 (40.71–82.82) | 66.18 (40.71–82.82) | 67.81 (49.63–75.36) | 0.697 |
| Sex | 52:41 | 35:33 | 17:8 | 0.168 |
| M:F (%) | (56:44) | (51:49) | (68:32) | |
| Median preoperative | 87.00 | 73.00 | 198.00 | 0.347 |
| CA 19-9 | (1–32,876) | (1–32,876) | (1–10,195) | |
| Kunits/L, (range) | ||||
| (n = 54) | ||||
| Preoperative CA 19-9 | 37:17 | 28:9 | 9:8 | 0.121 |
| <37:>37 (%) | (69:31) | (76:24) | (53:47) | |
| (n = 54) | ||||
| Median preoperative bilirubin umol/L (range) | 18 | 18 | 17 | 0.877 |
| (n = 89) | (2–494) | (3–248) | (2–494) | |
| Preoperative bilirubin | 52:37 | 39:27 | 13:10 | 1.000 |
| <22:>22 (%) | (58:42) | (59:41) | (57:43) | |
| (n = 89) | ||||
| Median preoperative CRP mg/L (range) | 6 | 6 | 6 | 0.854 |
| (n = 89) | (1–141) | (1–141) | (1–141) | |
| Preoperative CRP | 66:23 | 48:18 | 18:5 | 0.783 |
| <20:>20 (n = 89) | (74:26) | (73:27) | (78:22) | |
| Type of operation | 81:12 | 58:10 | 23:2 | 0.503 |
| PD:DP (%) | (87:13) | (85:15) | (92:8) | |
| Morbidity no:yes (%) | 15:34 | 11:24 | 4:10 | 1.000 |
| (n = 49) | (31:69) | (31:69) | (29:71) | |
| Differentiation poor:moderate-to-poor:moderate:well (%) | 55:10:27:1 | 40:9:18:1 | 15:1:9:0 | 0.495 |
| (59: 11: 29:1) | (59: 13: 26: 1) | (60: 4: 36: 0) | ||
| Resection margin status | 45: 48 | 25:43 | 20:5 | 0.000 |
| R0:R1 (%) | (48:52) | (37: 63) | (80:20) | |
| Medial resection margin status | 57:36 | 33:35 | 24:1 | 0.000 |
| R0:R1 (%) | (61:39) | (49:51) | (96:4) | |
| Anterior resection margin status | 81:12 | 59:9 | 22:3 | 1.00 |
| R0:R1 (%) | (87:13) | (87:13) | (88:12) | |
| Posterior resection margin status | 81:12 | 56:12 | 25:0 | 0.032 |
| R0:R1 (%) | (87:13) | (82:18) | (100:0) | |
| Pancreatic resection margin status | 86:7 | 65:3 | 21:4 | 0.081 |
| R0:R1 (%) | (92:8) | (96:4) | (84:16) | |
| Median tumour size cm (range) | 2.8 | 3.0 | 2.2 | 0.002 |
| (0.8–6.5) | (0.8–6.5) | (0.9–4.5) | ||
| T-stage | 3:8:63:19 | 3:2:47:16 | 0:6:16:3 | 0.014 |
| 1:2:3:4 (%) | (3:9:68:20) | (4:3:69:24) | (0:24:64:12) | |
| N-stage | 22:71 | 10:58 | 12:13 | 0.002 |
| N0:N1 (%) | (24:76) | (15:85) | (48:52) | |
| Lymph node ratio | 21:29 | 18:24 | 3:5 | 1.000 |
| <0.2: >0.2 (%) | (42:58) | (43:57) | (38:63) | |
| (n = 50) | ||||
| Perineural invasion absent:present (%) | 20:73 | 13:55 | 7:18 | 0.398 |
| (22:78) | (19:81) | (28:72) | ||
| Lymphovascular invasion absent:present (%) | 21:72 | 11:57 | 10:15 | 0.018 |
| (23:77) | (16:84) | (40:60)0.018 | ||
| Adjuvant chemotherapy no:yes (%) | 14:79 | 12:56 | 2:23 | 0.338 |
| (15:85) | (18:82) | (8:92) | ||
| Mortality no:yes (%) | 14:79 | 3:65 | 11:14 | 0.000 |
| (15:85) | (4:96) | (44:56) |
Comparisons were made using Fisher’s exact test for categorical data and the Wilcoxon signed rank test for continuous data. All tests were two-sided.