Table 1.
Baseline demographic and psychosocial characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristic | Meditation | Exercise | Control |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sample, n | 138 | 137 | 138 |
| Age, mean ± SD | 49.2 ± 11.2 | 49.1 ± 11.4 | 50.7 ± 12.1 |
| Male, n (%) | 33 (23.9) | 30 (21.9) | 37 (26.8) |
| Female, n (%) | 105 (76.1) | 107 (78.1) | 101 (73.2) |
| Nonsmokers, n (%) | 132 (95.7) | 128 (93.4) | 127 (92.0) |
| Smoker, n (%) | 6 (4.3) | 9 (6.6) | 11 (8.0) |
| Race, n (%) | |||
| White/Caucasian | 121 (88.3) | 105 (76.6) | 123 (89.1) |
| Non-Caucasian | 15 (10.9) | 25 (18.2) | 12 (8.7) |
| More Than One Race | 1 (0.7) | 7 (5.1) | 3 (2.2) |
| Ethnicity non-Hispanic, n (%) | 11 (8.2) | 5 (3.8) | 8 (6.0) |
| Non-Hispanic | 124 (91.9) | 128 (96.2) | 126 (94.0) |
| Hispanic | 11 (8.1) | 5 (3.8) | 8 (6.0) |
| BMI, mean + SD | 29.8 ± 7.8 | 29.3 ± 7.0 | 29.0 ± 6.6 |
| College graduate or higher, n ( %) | 106 (76.8) | 108 (78.8) | 102 (73.9) |
| Income > $50,000, n ( %) | 85 (63.4) | 79 (58.1) | 85 (62.5) |
| Mean scores at baseline, n ± SD | |||
| SF12: Mental Health | 48.0 ± 10 | 47.9 ± 10.4 | 47.6 ± 9.9 |
| PSS: Perceived Stress | 13.1 ± 6.4 | 13.3 ± 6.6 | 12.4 ± 5.9 |
| MAAS: Mindfulness Attention | 4.1 ± 0.8 | 4.3 ± 0.8 | 4.3 ± 0.7 |
| MSES: Mindfulness Self-Efficacy | 97.6 ± 15.7 | 97.3 ± 14.7 | 96.8 ± 14.6 |
| ESES: Exercise Self-Efficacy | 112.5 ± 38.3 | 112.4 ± 38.6 | 116.0 ± 38.8 |
| GPAQ MET-hrs/wk | 730.0 (240.0–1940.0) | 560.0 (160.0–1320.0) | 1020.0 (320.0–2400.0) |
Abbreviations: SD = standard deviation, BMI = body mass index (weight/height2), SF12 = medical outcomes study short form, PSS = perceived stress scale, MAAS = mindful attention awareness scale, MSES = mindfulness self-efficacy scale, ESES = exercise self-efficacy scale, GPAQ = global physical activity questionnaire