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. 2019 Feb 1;10:16. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00016

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Copyright © 2019 Wu, Li, Wu and Liu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Potential aberrant regulation of circRNA biogenesis, export from the nucleus and removal in cancer cells. The left part of the figure presents how circRNAs are generated, exported from the nucleus to cytoplasm and removed in cancer cells. First, the parental gene sequences of circRNA in cancer may be aberrant. Pre-mRNA is transcribed from DNA, and RNA PolII and transcription factors could be deregulated. CircRNAs are generated through co-transcriptional back-splicing or post-transcriptional back-splicing from pre-mRNA with disordered spliceosomal machinery. EcircRNAs are exported from the nucleus to cytoplasm in a manner similar to linear mRNA. In the cytoplasm, circRNAs may exhibit aberrant functions in cancer. Finally, circRNAs are degraded or exported from the cell through exosomes in an abnormal manner. The right part of figure is a conceptual diagram corresponding to the left side of the figure.