1. Patient outcome: health status.
Study | Various health status outcomes |
Chambers 1978 |
Health status: ‐ Emotional function: no differencea ‐ Social function: no differencea |
Chan 2009 |
Health status: ‐ Severity of symptoms: Nurse group had greatest improvement. Difference adjusted for baseline 2.3 (95% CI 1.4 to 3.1), P < 0.001 |
Dierick‐van Daele 2009 |
Health status: ‐ Burden of illness: nurse vs doctor (MD 0.27, P = 0.16) ‐ Concerns about illness: nurse vs doctor (MD 0.11, P = 0.20) ‐ Absence of work: both nurse and doctor 1.11 daysa,b ‐ Ability to perform daily activities: nurse mean 2.53, doctor mean 2.69a,b |
Houweling 2011 |
Objective measures of patient health (MD (95% CI)): ‐ BMI (kg/m2): nurse ‐0.2 (‐0.5; 0.1), doctor ‐0.3 (‐0.6; ‐0.1), P = 0.377 ‐ Cholesterol/HDL: nurse ‐0.03 (‐0.1; 0.2), doctor ‐0.07 (‐0.1; ‐0.2), P = 0.321 Health status: ‐ Diabetes symptom score: no differencea,b ‐ Fatigue: no differencea,b ‐ Cognitive distress: no differencea,b |
Larsson 2014 |
Health status: ‐ DAS28‐CRP: nurse vs doctor 0.05 (95% CI ‐0.28 to 0.19, P = 0.70) ‐ ESR (mm/h): nurse vs doctor ‐1.05 (95% CI ‐3.97 to 1.86, P = 0.47) ‐ CRP (mg/L): nurse vs doctor ‐1.07 (95% CI ‐2.02 to ‐0.12, P = 0.03) ‐ Swollen joints (28): nurse vs doctor 0.13 (95% CI ‐2.18 to 0.61, P = 0.60) ‐ Tender joints (28): nurse vs doctor 0.33 (95% CI ‐0.47 to 1.13, P = 0.42) ‐ VAS global health (mm): nurse vs doctor 4.29 (95% CI ‐2.58 to 11.16, P = 0.22) |
Lewis 1967 |
Health status: ‐ Resolution of symptoms in nurse group from 16.33 to 18.39 (possible range 6 to 24; higher scores mean fewer reductions in complaints). Doctors no change. P < 0.02 |
Moher 2001 |
Health status (lifestyle factor): ‐ Smoking: no differencea ‐ Blood pressure (mmHg) systolic: nurse 148 (142 to 153), GP 147 (135 to 153), P = 0.82a ‐ Blood pressure (mmHg) diastolic: nurse 80 (74 to 87), GP 81 (75 to 83), P = 0.82a ‐ Cholesterol (mmol/L) total: nurse 5.4 (5.2 to 5.5), GP 5.5 (5.0 to 5.9), P = 0.61a ‐ Cholesterol (mmol/L) high‐density lipoprotein: nurse 1.2 (1.1 to 1.3), GP 1.2 (1.2 to 1.3), P = 0.83a |
Mundinger 2000 |
Health status (10 dimensions): no differenceb Objective measures of patient health: ‐ Asthma ‐ peak flow: NP 292.82 (94.2), GP 319.90 (136.56), P = 0.365 |
Ndosi 2013 |
Health status: ‐ Fatigue ITT: nurse < doctor; mean (95% CI) 3.38 (‐2.01 to 8.76), P = 0.0171 ‐ Stiffness ITT: nurse < doctor; mean (95% CI) 8.91 (‐2.66 to 20.5), P = 0.0113 ‐ RAQoL ITT: nurse < doctor; mean (95% CI) ‐0.14 (‐1.77 to 1.49), P = 0.0001 ‐ HAQ ITT: nurse > doctor; mean (95% CI) ‐0.07 (‐0.21 to 0.07), P < 0.0001 ‐ HAD‐Anxiety ITT: nurse < doctor; mean (95% CI) 0.54 (‐0.36 to 1.43), P = 0.0179 ‐ HAD‐Depression ITT: nurse < doctor; mean (95% CI) 0.12 (‐0.65 to 0.89), P = 0.0004 ‐ ASES ITT: nurse > doctor; mean (95% CI) ‐0.92 (‐4.96 to 3.12), P = 0.0019 |
Sanne 2010 |
Health status: ‐ Cumulative failure: nurse 48%, doctor 44% HR (95% CI) 1.09 (0.89 to 1.33) ‐ All virological failure: nurse 11%, doctor 10% HR (95% CI) 1.15 (0.75 to 1.76) ‐ Toxicity failure: nurse 17%, doctor 16% HR (95% CI) 1.04 (0.74 to 1.45) ‐ Death: nurse 3%, doctor 3% HR (95% CI) 0.92 (0.39 to 2.17) |
Spitzer 1973 |
Health status: ‐ Physical function (3 indicators): nurses 86%, doctors 88%b ‐ Emotional function: nurses 58%, doctors 58%b ‐ Social function: nurses 84%, doctors 83%b |
Venning 2000 | Health status: no differencea |
Voogdt‐Pruis 2010 |
Objective measures of patient health: ‐ LDL cholesterol: nurse 2.9, doctors 3.0, P = 0.07 ‐ BMI: nurse 27.2, doctor 27.2, P = 0.87 Health status (lifestyle factor): ‐ Smoking: 4% of smokers in the GP group (4/102) and 6% in the practice nurse group (4/67)b Subgroup: at‐risk patients ‐ Systolic blood pressure: nurse 144.0, doctor 147.6, P = 0.1 ‐ Total cholesterol: nurse 5.2, doctor 5.6, P = 0.006 ‐ LDL cholesterol: nurse 3.1, doctor 3.3, P = 0.16 ‐ BMI: nurse 28.6, doctor 28.6, P = 0.78 |
a Authors reported no effect size or reported effect sizes in graphs (no exact effect sizes extracted).
b No p‐value reported.
ASES: Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form.
BMI: body mass index.
CI: confidence interval.
CRP: C‐reactive protein.
DAS28: disease activity score 28.
ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
GP: general practitioner.
HAD: Hospital and Anxiety Depression Scale.
HAQ: Health Assessment Questionnaire.
HDL: high‐density lipoprotein.
HR: heart rate.
ITT: intention‐to‐treat.
LDL: low‐density lipoprotein.
MD: mean difference.
NP: nurse practitioner.
RAQoL: Rheumatoid Arthritis Quality of Life Questionnaire.
VAS: visual analogue scale.
*there may be additional data in the Campbell 2014 articles that have not been extracted