Table 1.
Barriers and facilitators identified from systematic review mapped to COM-B model and Theoretical Domains Framework
| CAPABILITY | OPPORTUNITY | MOTIVATION | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical | Psychological | Social | Physical | Reflective | Automatic | ||||||||||
| Barriers and facilitators identified from systematic review | Physical skills | Knowledge | Cognitive and interpersonal skills | Memory, attention and decision processes | Behavioural regulation | Social influences | Environ context and resources | Beliefs about capabilities | Beliefs about consequences | Social profess role and identity | Optimism | Intentions | Goals | Reinforcement | Emotion |
| Perceived causes of cancer | |||||||||||||||
| Knowledge about cancer screening Knowledge of what to do if or when a possible cancer symptom is detected | |||||||||||||||
| Number of potential cancer symptoms | |||||||||||||||
| Pain associated with potential cancer symptom | |||||||||||||||
| Perceived risk of cancer | |||||||||||||||
| Symptom attribution to cancer Symptom development (e.g. new symptoms appear, or reoccurrence) | |||||||||||||||
| Symptom duration | |||||||||||||||
| Symptom frequency | |||||||||||||||
| Symptom interpretation | |||||||||||||||
| Symptom knowledge | |||||||||||||||
| Symptom misconceptions | |||||||||||||||
| Symptom recognition | |||||||||||||||
| Symptom seriousness | |||||||||||||||
| Symptom severity | |||||||||||||||
| Symptom type (classic v non classic) | |||||||||||||||
| Symptom worsening | |||||||||||||||
| Ability to articulate symptom concerns | |||||||||||||||
| Concerns about wasting the doctor’s time | |||||||||||||||
| Confidence in recognizing and attributing a possible cancer symptom | |||||||||||||||
| Confidence in talking about a symptom | |||||||||||||||
| Confidence in what to do about a possible cancer symptom and when to do it | |||||||||||||||
| Embarrassment | |||||||||||||||
| Anticipated regret | |||||||||||||||
| Beliefs about cancer early diagnosis | |||||||||||||||
| Beliefs about cancer survival outcomes | |||||||||||||||
| Beliefs about treatment for cancer | |||||||||||||||
| Cancer screening beliefs | |||||||||||||||
| Fears about the consequences of cancer treatment | |||||||||||||||
| Fatalistic cancer beliefs (e.g. there is no cure, cancer is a death sentence) | |||||||||||||||
| Fear of cancer | |||||||||||||||
| Fear of cancer diagnosis | |||||||||||||||
| Fear of cancer diagnostic tests | |||||||||||||||
| Fear of dying | |||||||||||||||
| Fear of surgery for cancer | |||||||||||||||
| Personal shame, stigma or blame associated with cancer | |||||||||||||||
| Symptom disclosure | |||||||||||||||
| Avoidance | |||||||||||||||
| Denial | |||||||||||||||
| Reassurance seeking from doctor | |||||||||||||||
| Self-management (e.g. use of over the counter medication) | |||||||||||||||
| Beliefs that the symptom will resolve on its own | |||||||||||||||
| Watchful waiting | |||||||||||||||
| Medical appointment that is booked for another reason leads to symptom disclosure (piggybacking) | |||||||||||||||
| Intention to act on symptom (within 3 weeks) | |||||||||||||||