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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Addit Manuf. 2018 Jul 2;22:758–774. doi: 10.1016/j.addma.2018.06.024

Figure 9:

Figure 9:

Model validation experimental setups and design. (A) Thermo-mechanical validation station for DED of Ti6Al4V [70]. (B) Thermocouple and strain gauge locations for the setup in (A) [70]. (C) Typical temporal (temperature) curves illustrating a comparison between model and experimental data [76]. (D) Micrograph of an embedded Alumina thermocouple within a track of printed material, measuring temperatures during processing [88]. (E) Schematic of the hole drilling method with the resultant residual stresses shown [94].