Table 3. Drugs and vaccines studied in pediatric trials for neglected tropical diseases.
| Condition | WHO-Recommended Therapies | Drugs Studied | Vaccines Studied |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chagas | • Benznidazole* • Nifurtimox |
• Benznidazole • Nifurtimox |
|
| Dengue and Chikungunya | • Supportive care* | • Hypertonic sodium lactate and Ringer's lactate • Anti-CHIKV hyperimmune immunoglobulins • Zinc • Early corticosteroid therapy Vitamin E |
• Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine Chimeric tetravalent dengue-serotype 1, 2, 3, 4 • Live, attenuated dengue serotype 1, 2, 3, and 4 • Takeda's Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine Candidate • CYD Dengue Vaccine • CYD Dengue Vaccine-5 dose formulation • Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine |
| Human African Trypanosomiasis | • Pentamidine* • Suramin • Eflornithine* and Nifurtimox • Melarsoprol |
• Fexinidazole | |
| Leishmaniasis | • Meglumine antimoniate • Sodium stibogluconate • Amphotericin B deoxycholate* • Pentamidine isethionate* • Paromomycin ointment • Fluconazole* • Topical methylbenzethonium • Topical ketoconazole* • Miltefosine* • Pentavalent antimonials • Pentoxifylline • Liposomal amphotericin B* |
• Miltefosine • Meglumine antimoniate • Azithromycin • Amphotericin B-deoxycholate |
|
| Rabies | • Immediate vaccination • Rabies immune globulin |
• Human rabies immunoglobulin | • Purified Vero Rabies Vaccine Serum Free and Imovax Human Diploid Cell Vaccine • Rabipur • CL184 |
| Scabies and Other Ectoparasites | • Permethrin cream* • Malathion cream* • Benzyl benzoate emulsion cream • Sulphur ointment • Ivermectin* |
• KD-357 I• vermectin • Permethrin |
|
| Schistosomiasis | • Praziquantel* • Oxamniquine |
• Praziquantel • Biltricide (racemate praziquantel) oral tablets • Racemate Praziquantel ODT • Levo Praziquantel ODT • Artemether-lumefantrine combination plus albendazole • Artemether-lumefantrine plus Praziquantel plus Albendazole • Albendazole plus Praziquantel • Moxidectin • Synriam • Artesunate+Sulfamethoxy-pyrazine/pyrimethamine • Albendazole + praziquantel • Mebendazole + praziquantel • Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine • Piperaquine • Albendazole • Praziquantel • Praziquantel and Arachidonic acid |
• Bilhvax vaccine-Sh28GST • MVA85A |
| Soil Transmitted Helminthiases | • Pyrantel • Mebendazole* • Levamisole • Piperazine • Albendazole* • Flubendazole • Ivermectin* |
• Albendazole • Mebendazole • Albendazole and Vitamin C • Oxantel pamoate • Pyrantel-oxantel + mebendazole • Ivermectin • Albendazole + Ivermectin • Mebendazole + Ivermectin |
|
| Taeniasis/Cysticercosis | • Praziquantel* • Niclosamide |
• Albendazole | |
| Trachoma | • Azithromycin* | • Azithromycin | |
| Yaws | • Azithromycin* • Benzathine penicillin* |
• Azithromycin • Penicillin-G-benzathine + Azithromycin |
*Adequately labeled for use in children.