Table 5.
Largest number of alcoholic beverages consumed in one day in a typical month and the risk of incident pulmonary embolism.
| N Cases | HRadj* | 95% CI | N Cases | HRadj* | 95% CI | N Cases | HRadj* | 95% CI | N Cases | HRadj* | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NHS N=65,596; 672 events | NHS II N=89,719; 339 events | HPFS N=34,649; 309 events | Pooled Analysis‡ N=189,964; 1320 events | |||||||||
| 0 drinks† | 250 | 1.00 | reference | 80 | 1.00 | reference | 59 | 1.00 | reference | 389 | 1.00 | reference |
| 1–2 drinks | 325 | 1.09 | (0.91, 1.29) | 170 | 1.30 | (0.98, 1.70) | 153 | 1.11 | (0.81, 1.51) | 648 | 1.14 | (1.00, 1.30) |
| 3–5 drinks | 85 | 0.97 | (0.75, 1.26) | 79 | 1.29 | (0.92, 1.80) | 80 | 1.37 | (0.96, 1.95) | 244 | 1.16 | (0.93, 1.45) |
| ≥6 drinks | 12 | 1.15 | (0.64, 2.07) | 10 | 0.64 | (0.32, 1.25) | 17 | 1.03 | (0.58, 1.82) | 39 | 0.94 | (0.66, 1.33) |
| Linear p-trend† | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.9 | ||||||||
Analyses are stratified by age (in months) and adjusted for smoking (never, former, 1–14 cigarettes/day, 15–24 cigarettes/day, ≥25 cigarettes/day, missing), BMI (continuous and indicator for missing), prevalent diabetes, prevalent hypertension, prevalent hypercholesterolemia, prevalent MI/angina, prevalent cancer, race (white vs. non-white), aspirin use (including missing indicator), physical activity (continuous and indicator for missing), caloric intake (continuous), HT use (including missing indicator; in women only), and OC use (including missing indicator; in NHS II only).
Person-time for current former drinkers skipped for all analyses presented in Table 5.
NHS, NHS II, and HPFS cohorts were meta-analyzed to estimate a pooled summary HR. All p-values for between study heterogeneity >0.05.
Abbreviations: adj = adjusted; CI = confidence interval; HPFS = Health Professionals Follow-up Study; HR = hazard ratio; NHS = Nurses’ Health Study; PE = pulmonary embolism.