Table 3:

Spearman correlations of % changes of follistatin and FSTL3 with parameters of glucose homeostasis and linear regression of % changes of follistatin from 0 to 3 months with % changes of HOMA-IR from 0 to 6 months after operation (combined Study 2 - First bariatric study and Study 3 – Second bariatric study).

		% change 0–6 months
% changes 0–3 months		Glucose (mg/dl)	Insulin (ulU/ml)	HOMA-IR	HOMA-β (%)	HbA1c‡ (%)	BMI (kg/m2)	Body Fat (%)	Body Fat (kg)	Eft‡ (mm)
Follistatin (ng/ml)	All	0.502**	0.447**	0.583***	−0.048	0.671*	0.266	0.423*	0.487**	0.134
	Non-T2D	0.548**	0.515**	0.603**	0.030	0.543	0.267	0.668**	0.681**	0.392
	T2D	0.650†	0.382	0.738*	−0.100	0.886*	0.382	−0.033	0.067	n.a
FSTL3 (ng/ml)	All	0.138	0.089	0.089	−0.160	−0.070	0.153	0.332	0.336	0.376
	Non-T2D	0.281	0.045	0.105	−0.483*	0.143	0.222	0.259	0.262	0.378
	T2D	−0.067	0.248	0.143	0.300	−0.143	−0.027	0.600	0.533	n.a
Linear Regression† % change 0–6 for HOMA-IR		R square	Unstandardized B		95% CI B		p-value
% change 0–3 for FST		0.381	0.638		0.31, 0.97		<0.001
Intercept			−54.61		−62.69, −46.52		<0.001

^*p<0.05

^**p<0.01

^***p<0.001;

^†p=0.058

^†linear regression model including subjects with a reduction in HOMA-IR after 6 months (n=28)

^‡HbA1c measurements were available only in Study 2- First bariatric study, whereas Eft measurements were available only in Study 3- Second bariatric study.

Abbreviations: Eft, Epicardial fat thickness, n.a =not applicable due to low number of measurements