Table 3.
Multivariable-adjusted associations of coronary occlusion status with biomarkers.
| Coronary occlusion severity | No CHD cs. CHD | CHD | CHD | CHD |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <50% vs ≥50% | Mild vs. medium | Mild vs. severe | Medium vs. severe | |
| Inflammation markers | ||||
| HSPC (%) | 1.24 (1.04 to 1.48) | 1.72 (1.17 to 2.54) | 2.08 (1.35 to 3.21)‡ | 1.07 (0.83 to 1.38) |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 1.48 (1.23 to 1.79)§ | 1.37 (0.88 to 2.14) | 1.67 (1.06 to 2.62) | 1.22 (0.94 to 1.58) |
| GM-CSF (ng/L) | 1.07 (0.90 to 1.27) | 1.09 (0.72 to 1.65) | 1.33 (0.92 to 1.96) | 1.12 (0.88 to 1.45) |
| SDF-1α (pg/mL) | 1.00 (1.00 to 1.00) | 1.00 (0.52 to 1.93) | 1.00 (1.00 to 1.00) | 1.00 (1.00 to 1.00) |
| White blood cells | 1.22 (1.01 to 1.47) | 1.57 (0.94 to 2.63) | 1.38 (0.86 to 2.21) | 0.91 (0.70 to 1.17) |
| Neutrophils (x109/L) | 1.27 (1.04 to 1.53) | 1.62 (0.94 to 2.80) | 1.47 (0.88 to 2.44) | 0.93 (0.73 to 1.18) |
| Monocytes (x109/L) | 1.06 (0.88 to 1.27) | 0.99 (0.99 to 1.00) | 0.89 (0.61 to 1.32) | 1.04 (0.81 to 1.34) |
| Lymphocytes (x109/L) | 0.97 (0.81 to 1.16) | 1.14 (0.77 to 1.70) | 1.03 (0.65 to 1.62) | 0.93 (0.73 to 1.20) |
| Coagulation markers | ||||
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | 0.95 (0.80 to 1.13) | 1.07 (0.74 to 1.55) | 0.99 (0.64 to 1.52) | 1.04 (0.78 to 1.39) |
| D-dimer (mg/L) | 1.13 (0.95 to 1.35) | 1.03 (0.75 to 1.55) | 0.92 (0.64 to 1.33) | 1.04 (0.79 to 1.37) |
| Lipids and metabolism markers | ||||
| Serum triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.02 (0.85 to 1.23) | 1.24 (0.77 to 2.01) | 0.94 (0.70 to 1.26) | 0.74 (0.54 to 1.01) |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.33 (1.12 to 1.60)† | 2.09 (1.20 to 3.62) | 1.67 (1.11 to 2.51) | 1.00 (0.70 to 1.43) |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 0.91 (0.76 to 1.09) | 1.65 (1.03 to 2.64) | 1.34 (0.78 to 2.28) | 0.80 (0.57 to 1.12) |
| Apolipoprotein A-1 (μg/mL) | 1.06 (0.89 to 1.26) | 0.98 (0.65 to 1.47) | 0.95 (0.64 to 1.40) | 1.16 (0.90 to 1.51) |
| Apolipoprotein B (μg/mL) | 0.95 (0.82 to 1.16) | 1.05 (0.71 to 1.55) | 1.05 (0.71 to1.55) | 1.00 (0.78 to 1.28) |
| Uric acid (μmol/L) | 1.00 (0.83 to 1.27) | 1.10 (0.69 to 1.72) | 1.44 (0.91 to 2.26) | 1.31 (0.91 to 1.72) |
All analyses were adjusted for covariables, including age, sex, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, plasma glucose, serum creatinine, plasma glucose, γ-glutamyltransferase, smoking, alcohol intake, history of hypertension (1 or 0), history of diabetes (1 or 0), use of diuretics, inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin system (β-blockers, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin type-1 receptor blockers), vasodilators (calcium-channel blockers and α-blockers), metformin and statins. With the exceptions of LDL-c and HDL-c, all other biomarkers were additionally adjusted with the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio. A value of P < 0.0031 was considered significant after the Bonferroni correction. Significance of the associations: †P < 0.01; ‡P < 0.001; §P ≤ 0.0001.